Expertise 2

Experts and Novices

In the same study by Chi et al. comparing physics experts and novices, the scientists also asked both groups to sketch out a solution.

Then they converted the verbal reports into production rules, which looked like the image above.

This analysis suggests that the novice was able to determine that this was a “block problem,” but was not sure what to do after that.
- Categorizing the problem did not lead to an obvious action.
Thus, when teaching these kinds of problem-solving procedures to novices, it may be helpful to present the material in terms of production rules that are aligned with how experts think about the problem.

1Cognitive Science for Educators

1.1Mental Models

1.1.1Mental Models

1.2Explanatory Depth

1.2.1Explanatory Depth

1.3The Generation Effect

1.3.1The Generation Effect

1.4Self-Explaining

1.4.1Self-Explaining 1

1.4.2Self-Explaining 2

1.5Expertise

1.5.1Expertise 1

1.5.2Expertise 2

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