2.1.2

Social & Economic Problems

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Social Problems

Kerensky and the Provisional Government had problems keeping the peasants under control.

The government and the old regime

The government and the old regime

  • The fundamental problem for the Provisional Government was that it seemed similar to the members of the 1912 AD Duma and the tsar's old regime.
  • The Provisional Government was not representative like the Soviets, which held elections.
    • Although the Provisional Government intended to hold an election, the turmoil of 1917 AD at home and at the front meant that this was impossible.
The peasantry

The peasantry

  • The Provisional Government failed to satisfy the peasants.
  • Most peasants just wanted to be left to get on with their own lives.
  • Many peasants supported the Socialist Revolutionaries, although usually peasants did not have a clear political agenda or ideology.
The redistribution of land

The redistribution of land

  • Many peasants wanted land. Some suggested that they should seize land from their former masters.
  • The government wanted to wait for an election before making sweeping changes.
  • But many peasants seized land anyway. When the Bolsheviks were looking for support, they played on the peasants’ thirst for land by promising it to them during the October Revolution.

Economic Problems

Russia was on the verge of economic collapse in 1917 AD. The Provisional Government was unable to solve these issues.

Industry

Industry

  • Basic materials for industry could not reach Russia because of the war.
  • This shortage worsened through 1917 AD, and the army was unable to fight effectively because of a lack of weapons.
Farming

Farming

  • Peasant farmers were forced to join the military.
  • This led to weaker agricultural production.
  • This led to price rises because of shortages of food.
Transport

Transport

  • Russia's railway system was unable to supply the cities effectively.
  • The system was full taking troops and supplies to the front line.
Inflation

Inflation

  • The value of the rouble also fell because of the war.
  • This contributed to even higher prices for food and other goods.
Jump to other topics
1

The End of Tsardom

1.1

Russia's Economy & Society

1.1.1Industrialisation1.1.2Living & Working Conditions
1.2

Nicholas II's Autocracy & the Court

1.2.1Growth of Revolutionary Opposition1.2.2The 1905 Revolution & the October Manifesto1.2.3Reforming Russia Before 1914 - Stolypin1.2.4The Duma & Political Stalemate
1.3

The First World War

1.3.1The Impact of Military Defeats1.3.2Social & Economic Effects of WW11.3.3Romanov Unpopularity1.3.4The Tsar's Abdication1.3.5Top Grade AO2/3 - The End of Tsardom
2

Lenin's New Society

2.1

The Provisional Government

2.1.1The Failure of the Government2.1.2Social & Economic Problems2.1.3Lenin & Trotsky2.1.4The Growth of the Bolsheviks2.1.5The October / November Revolution2.1.6Top Grade AO2/3 - The Provisional Government
2.2

The Impact of Lenin's Dictatorship

2.2.1The End of the First World War2.2.2The Cheka2.2.3Red Terror & Centralisation2.2.4The Civil War & The Red Army2.2.5Propaganda2.2.6Top Grade AO2/3 - Early Bolshevism & the Civil War
2.3

Social & Economic Developments

2.3.1War Communism2.3.2The Kronstadt Rising2.3.3The New Economic Policy (NEP)2.3.4The Achievements of Lenin & Trotsky2.3.5Top Grade AO2/3 - Social & Economic Developments
3

Stalin's USSR

3.1

Stalin the Dictator

3.1.1The Power Struggle to Succeed Lenin3.1.2The Communist Party & Government3.1.3The Terror & the Purges3.1.4The Secret Police3.1.5Cult of Personality3.1.6Propaganda & Censorship under Stalin3.1.7Top Grade AO2/3 - Stalin's Dictatorship
3.2

Stalin's Modernisation of the USSR

3.2.1Collectivisation3.2.2Five Year Plans3.2.3Social & Economic Consequences3.2.4Social & Economic Consequences 23.2.5The Extent of Modernisation
3.3

Impact of the Second World War

3.3.1Stalin's Wartime Leadership3.3.2Political, Economic & Social Consequences of War3.3.3Top Grade AO2/3 - Modernisation of the USSR

Practice questions on Social & Economic Problems

Can you answer these? Test yourself with free interactive practice on Seneca — used by over 10 million students.

  1. 1
    Which of the following about the provisional government are correct?True / false
  2. 2
    Which party did many peasants support?Multiple choice
  3. 3
    Who replaced Prince Lvov as Prime Minister of the Provisional Government?Multiple choice
  4. 4
    What happened to Russian industry in 1917?Fill in the list
  5. 5
    What was Russia's transport system like in 1917 AD? True / false
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The Failure of the Government

Lenin & Trotsky