Source: https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-2-3-interactionism-2 [Revision notes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes.md) › [Teacher CPD](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd.md) › [CPD for Primary: Children's Language Development - Seneca Certified](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified.md) › Interactionism 2 # Interactionism 2 CPD for Primary: Children's Language Development (by Tom Hollins), topic 1.2.3 ## Interactionism - Grice In 1975, __Grice__ proposed a set of maxims to define features which must be present in conversation – he calls these cooperative principles (things which people must do to cooperate in conversation). His maxims are as follows: ### 1) The maxim of quantity ![1) The maxim of quantity](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/courseImages/chemistry/1.1.1-Mixtures%20and%20compounds/scales-36417_640-min.jpg) - The contributions must carry enough information (and not too much). ### 2) The maxim of quality ![2) The maxim of quality](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-11/67cc2a9b-d33c-4950-ad8f-7af6b306004b/truth-times-newspaper-true-.jpg) - The contributions must be truthful. ### 3) The maxim of relation ![3) The maxim of relation](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-11/c98d84a6-dad5-4ae5-a3f6-91da629c32ad/important-relevant-.jpg) - The contributions must be relevant and pertinent to discussion. ### 4) The maxim of manner ![4) The maxim of manner](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/8c10be82-6383-4d13-9da6-8bc7c017d735/detect-magnifying.jpg) - The contributions must be clear and limit ambiguity. ## Challenging Interactionist Theory The following theories challenge interactionist theory: ### __Cliff Pye__ ![__Cliff Pye__](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-11/b56a4a1e-7b9f-4518-987a-6142350580cc/samoan-family-.jpg) - __Cliff Pye__ researched how different cultures learn language. - His research detailed that children around the world acquired language at roughly the same time and that not all cultures used CDS. - For example, Samoan families do not speak to the children until they are around 18 months old. This implies that language acquisition may be more innate. ### __Myzor__ ![__Myzor__](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/29743cc3-88e3-4eb9-adf8-cf3ab78d0cf7/children-talking.jpg) - __Myzor__ believes that CDS helps to aid social development, but does not help linguistic development. - For example, it may teach children turn-taking in conversation, but not aid their ability to use correct forms. ### __Chomsky__ ![__Chomsky__](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/06bc244b-72bf-497d-9bed-839c65d7ab66/children-920236_1280.jpg) - __Chomsky__ in particular takes issue with Bruner’s work. - In 1959, he published a paper criticising __Bruner__’s theory on a number of flaws. - __Chomsky__ questions how children produce utterances that are grammatically non-standard to the point where no caregiver would have said them – errors often happen that are not present in the template. ### __De Villiers and De Villiers__ ![__De Villiers and De Villiers__](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/d7445ee1-c958-48db-86cf-fa023d0aa954/children-mother-park.jpg) - __De Villiers and De Villiers__ state that it is rare for caregivers to give direct feedback about the correctness of their language, so there must be something more innate. ## Test yourself on Interactionism 2 - Who stated that it is rare for caregivers to give direct feedback about the correctness of their language, so there must be something more innate? [Practise this topic for free](https://app.senecalearning.com/classroom/course/8ba0c8b1-9e90-4088-8dd8-d20e52cdbc5b/section/4768feb2-ebbd-4f88-a138-bd737099b601/session) - Previous topic: [1.2.2 Interactionism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-2-2-interactionism.md) - Next topic: [1.2.4 Nativism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-2-4-nativism.md) ## CPD for Primary: Children's Language Development (by Tom Hollins) contents ### 1 Children's Language Development - 1.1 Stages of Development - [1.1.1 A Child's First Year & Consonant Acquisition](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-1-1-a-childs-first-year-and-consonant-acquisition.md) - [1.1.2 Consonant Acquisition](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-1-2-consonant-acquisition.md) - [1.1.3 Beginning Stages of Language](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-1-3-beginning-stages-of-language.md) - [1.1.4 Lexical Development](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-1-4-lexical-development.md) - [1.1.5 Stages of Development](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-1-5-stages-of-development.md) - [1.1.6 Grammatical Constructions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-1-6-grammatical-constructions.md) - 1.2 Theories of Language Development - [1.2.1 Behaviourism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-2-1-behaviourism.md) - [1.2.2 Interactionism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-2-2-interactionism.md) - [1.2.3 Interactionism 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-2-3-interactionism-2.md) - [1.2.4 Nativism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-2-4-nativism.md) - [1.2.5 Chomsky](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-2-5-chomsky.md) - [1.2.6 Cognitivism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-2-6-cognitivism.md) - [1.2.7 Social Constructionism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/teacher-cpd/cpd-for-primary-childrens-language-development-seneca-certified/1-2-7-social-constructionism.md)