Source: https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-7-across-and-through

[Revision notes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes.md) › [KS3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3.md) › [English](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english.md) › [English: KS3 Spelling, Punctuation & Grammar](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar.md) › Across & Through

# Across & Through

English Language: KS3, topic 4.2.7

## Trans - Across

Words beginning with 'trans' generally mean across or beyond something.

### Transport

![Transport](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-04/c1b11b5f-e1b5-4b0b-a22c-635105998917/shutterstock_695964319.jpg)

- To transport means to take something across a distance.
- The noun transport means the movement of things across distances, or vehicles that can move things across distances.
 - Example: What is the best way to **transport** my luggage?
 - Alternative: What is the best way to **move** my luggage?

### Transform

![Transform](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2025-09/b8ccde5b-d7ca-488b-9ef3-f260f88e5e48/57bced68-8102-43a1-a0f2-8a918f9cccfb.png)

- To transform is to change form - to go 'across' forms.
 - Example: At the end of Beauty and the Beast, the beast **transforms** into a prince. 
 - Alternative: At the end of Beauty and the Beast, the beast **changes** into a prince.

### Transfer

![Transfer](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/courseImages/chemistry/OCR%20Gateway/cash.jpg)

- To transfer is to move something from one place to another - to move something 'across' places.
 - Example: Billie **transferred** £100 into my bank account.
 - Alternative: Billie **sent** £100 across to my bank account.

### Transcend

![Transcend](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-07/1855314d-16cc-4c0f-ab80-cd0f7102ac96/Love-Puzzle-Heart.jpg)

- To transcend is to go beyond something or surpass.
 - Example: Gregory was a romantic - he believed love **transcended** everything else.
 - Alternative: Gregory was a romantic - he believed love **surpassed** everything else.

### Transnational

![Transnational](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/ccb8eda7-caf7-4b03-9a7a-0e0d0fbc08f7/map-relief-.jpg)

- Transnational means going beyond national boundaries or involving many nations. 
 - Example: Poverty is a **transnational** issue.
 - Alternative: Poverty is a **global** issue.

## Per - Through

Words beginning with 'per' generally mean through something. They can also mean something is thoroughly something.

### Perfect

![Perfect](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-03/b271d1b5-fced-4216-830e-f08078f398ff/shutterstock_19563481.jpg)

- To perfect is to make something as good as it can be or faultless. Think of it as doing something 'thoroughly' until it is or is nearly the best it can be.
 - Example: Johnny trained every day to try and **perfect** his serves.
 - Alternative: Johnny trained every day to try and **make his serves faultless**.

### Pervade

![Pervade](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/courseImages/chemistry/10.4.2%20NPK%20fertilisers/perfume-min.jpg)

- When something like a smell or quality pervades a space, it spreads through it so that it's present everywhere in that space.
 - Example: The smell of Lucinda's perfume **pervaded** the restaurant.
 - Alternative: The smell of Lucinda's perfume **spread throughout** the restaurant.

### Persevere

![Persevere](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-07/a836f77f-1773-41f6-be8c-2813cf8ef85e/Ambition-Mountain-Goal.jpg)

- To persevere is to continue doing something even when you face difficulties. You keep going 'through' the difficulties. 
 - Example: The weather conditions were awful, but Matt **persevered** to reach the peak of the mountain he was climbing.
 - Alternative: The weather conditions were awful, but Matt **kept climbing** to reach the peak of the mountain he was climbing.

### Persist

![Persist](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-03/2417ab75-f3e1-434e-b471-4886a0845892/shutterstock_133421795.jpg)

- To persist is to keep doing or feeling something, even if it's difficult to do so. The 'sist' part of the word comes from the Latin word for 'to stand', so the word literally means 'stand through' something.
 - Example: The opposition was tough, but the team **persisted** and eventually won.
 - Alternative: The opposition was tough, but the team **kept trying** and eventually won.

## Test yourself on Across & Through

- What does the prefix 'trans' mean?
- Which of these is NOT a meaning of the prefix 'per'?

[Practise this topic for free](https://app.senecalearning.com/classroom/course/6c0b90f2-cf0c-474d-b0fe-28043a3c1b5c/section/d5ae53e5-596e-4a36-bdfb-976a382073fd/session)

- Previous topic: [4.2.6 Numbers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-6-numbers.md)
- Next topic: [4.2.8 Life & Earth](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-8-life-and-earth.md)

## English Language: KS3 contents

### 1 Spelling
- 1.1 Spelling
  - [1.1.1 Hard 'U' & 'I' Sounds](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-1-1-hard-u-and-i-sounds.md)
  - [1.1.2 Words Ending in '-sure', & '-mure'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-1-2-words-ending-in-sure-and-mure.md)
  - [1.1.3 Words Ending in '-sion'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-1-3-words-ending-in-sion.md)
  - [1.1.4 'Ei', 'Eigh' & 'Ey' Spellings](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-1-4-ei-eigh-and-ey-spellings.md)
  - [1.1.5 Spelling Words with 'Ch'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-1-5-spelling-words-with-ch.md)
  - [1.1.6 Spelling Words with 'Sc'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-1-6-spelling-words-with-sc.md)
  - [1.1.7 Silent Letters](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-1-7-silent-letters.md)
  - [1.1.8 i Before e Rule](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-1-8-i-before-e-rule.md)
  - [1.1.9 Hard & Soft 'c' Sounds](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-1-9-hard-and-soft-c-sounds.md)
  - [1.1.10 End of Topic Test - Spelling](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-1-10-end-of-topic-test-spelling.md)
- 1.2 Prefixes
  - [1.2.1 'Anti-' & 'Auto-'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-2-1-anti-and-auto.md)
  - [1.2.2 Not & 'Inter-'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-2-2-not-and-inter.md)
  - [1.2.3 'Mis-', 'Dis-' & 'Re-'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-2-3-mis-dis-and-re.md)
  - [1.2.4 'Sub-' & 'Super-'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-2-4-sub-and-super.md)
  - [1.2.5 End of Topic Test - Prefixes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-2-5-end-of-topic-test-prefixes.md)
- 1.3 Suffixes
  - [1.3.1 Vowel Suffixes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-1-vowel-suffixes.md)
  - [1.3.2 Short Vowel Suffixes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-2-short-vowel-suffixes.md)
  - [1.3.3 Suffixes: '-ous'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-3-suffixes-ous.md)
  - [1.3.4 Rules for Suffixes: '-ous'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-4-rules-for-suffixes-ous.md)
  - [1.3.5 Rules for Suffixes: '-ous' 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-5-rules-for-suffixes-ous-2.md)
  - [1.3.6 Suffixes: '-ly'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-6-suffixes-ly.md)
  - [1.3.7 Suffixes: '-ation'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-7-suffixes-ation.md)
  - [1.3.8 Suffixes: '-ation' 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-8-suffixes-ation-2.md)
  - [1.3.9 Spelling: '-tion' Endings](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-9-spelling-tion-endings.md)
  - [1.3.10 Spelling: '-sion' Endings](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-10-spelling-sion-endings.md)
  - [1.3.11 Spelling: '-ssion' Endings](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-11-spelling-ssion-endings.md)
  - [1.3.12 Spelling: '-cian' Endings](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-12-spelling-cian-endings.md)
  - [1.3.13 End of Topic Test - Suffixes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-13-end-of-topic-test-suffixes.md)
  - [1.3.14 End of Topic Test - Spelling](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-3-14-end-of-topic-test-spelling.md)
- 1.4 Making Words Plural
  - [1.4.1 Plurals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-4-1-plurals.md)
  - [1.4.2 End of Topic Test - Plurals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-4-2-end-of-topic-test-plurals.md)
- 1.5 Homophones
  - [1.5.1 Accept & Except](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-1-accept-and-except.md)
  - [1.5.2 Affect & Effect](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-2-affect-and-effect.md)
  - [1.5.3 Ball & Bawl](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-3-ball-and-bawl.md)
  - [1.5.4 Berry & Bury](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-4-berry-and-bury.md)
  - [1.5.5 Brake & Break](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-5-brake-and-break.md)
  - [1.5.6 Fair & Fare](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-6-fair-and-fare.md)
  - [1.5.7 Grate & Great](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-7-grate-and-great.md)
  - [1.5.8 Groan & Grown](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-8-groan-and-grown.md)
  - [1.5.9 Hear & Here](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-9-hear-and-here.md)
  - [1.5.10 Heal, Heel & He'll](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-10-heal-heel-and-hell.md)
  - [1.5.11 Knot & Not](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-11-knot-and-not.md)
  - [1.5.12 Mail & Male](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-12-mail-and-male.md)
  - [1.5.13 Main & Mane](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-13-main-and-mane.md)
  - [1.5.14 Meat & Meet](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-14-meat-and-meet.md)
  - [1.5.15 Medal & Meddle](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-15-medal-and-meddle.md)
  - [1.5.16 Missed & Mist](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-16-missed-and-mist.md)
  - [1.5.17 Peace & Piece](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-17-peace-and-piece.md)
  - [1.5.18 Plain & Plane](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-18-plain-and-plane.md)
  - [1.5.19 Rain & Reign & Rein](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-19-rain-and-reign-and-rein.md)
  - [1.5.20 Scene & Seen](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-20-scene-and-seen.md)
  - [1.5.21 Weather & Whether](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-21-weather-and-whether.md)
  - [1.5.22 Whose & Who's](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-22-whose-and-whos.md)
  - [1.5.23 End of Topic Test - Homophones](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-23-end-of-topic-test-homophones.md)
  - [1.5.24 End of Topic Test - Homophones 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-24-end-of-topic-test-homophones-2.md)
  - [1.5.25 End of Topic Test - Homophones 3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-5-25-end-of-topic-test-homophones-3.md)
- 1.6 Word Meanings
  - [1.6.1 Homonyms](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-6-1-homonyms.md)
  - [1.6.2 End of Topic Test - Homonyms](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/1-6-2-end-of-topic-test-homonyms.md)

### 2 Punctuation
- 2.1 Punctuation
  - [2.1.1 Full Stops](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-1-full-stops.md)
  - [2.1.2 Capital Letters](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-2-capital-letters.md)
  - [2.1.3 Commas](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-3-commas.md)
  - [2.1.4 Commas 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-4-commas-2.md)
  - [2.1.5 Using Apostrophes with Regular Plurals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-5-using-apostrophes-with-regular-plurals.md)
  - [2.1.6 Using Apostrophes with Irregular Plurals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-6-using-apostrophes-with-irregular-plurals.md)
  - [2.1.7 Question Marks & Exclamation Marks](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-7-question-marks-and-exclamation-marks.md)
  - [2.1.8 Brackets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-8-brackets.md)
  - [2.1.9 Dashes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-9-dashes.md)
  - [2.1.10 Colon](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-10-colon.md)
  - [2.1.11 Semi-Colon](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-11-semi-colon.md)
  - [2.1.12 Direct Speech](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-12-direct-speech.md)
  - [2.1.13 Indirect Speech](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-13-indirect-speech.md)
  - [2.1.14 Hyphens](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-14-hyphens.md)
  - [2.1.15 Ellipses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-15-ellipses.md)
  - [2.1.16 End of Topic Test - Punctuation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-16-end-of-topic-test-punctuation.md)
  - [2.1.17 End of Topic Test - Punctuation 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-1-17-end-of-topic-test-punctuation-2.md)
- 2.2 Writing Structure
  - [2.2.1 Paragraphs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-2-1-paragraphs.md)
  - [2.2.2 Headings & Subheadings](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-2-2-headings-and-subheadings.md)
  - [2.2.3 Columns](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-2-3-columns.md)
  - [2.2.4 Bullets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-2-4-bullets.md)
  - [2.2.5 Tables](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-2-5-tables.md)
  - [2.2.6 End of Topic Test - Writing Structure](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/2-2-6-end-of-topic-test-writing-structure.md)

### 3 Grammar
- 3.1 Word Classes
  - [3.1.1 Nouns](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-1-1-nouns.md)
  - [3.1.2 Pronouns](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-1-2-pronouns.md)
  - [3.1.3 Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-1-3-verbs.md)
  - [3.1.4 Adjectives & Adverbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-1-4-adjectives-and-adverbs.md)
  - [3.1.5 Qualifiers & Quantifiers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-1-5-qualifiers-and-quantifiers.md)
  - [3.1.6 Determiners](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-1-6-determiners.md)
  - [3.1.7 Prepositions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-1-7-prepositions.md)
  - [3.1.8 Synonyms & Antonyms](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-1-8-synonyms-and-antonyms.md)
  - [3.1.9 End of Topic Test - Word Classes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-1-9-end-of-topic-test-word-classes.md)
- 3.2 Conjunctions
  - [3.2.1 Coordinating Conjunctions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-2-1-coordinating-conjunctions.md)
  - [3.2.2 Subordinating Conjunctions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-2-2-subordinating-conjunctions.md)
  - [3.2.3 End of Topic Test - Conjunctions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-2-3-end-of-topic-test-conjunctions.md)
- 3.3 Writing Coherently
  - [3.3.1 Building Cohesion in Writing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-3-1-building-cohesion-in-writing.md)
  - [3.3.2 Avoiding Ambiguity in Writing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-3-2-avoiding-ambiguity-in-writing.md)
  - [3.3.3 End of Topic Test - Cohesion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-3-3-end-of-topic-test-cohesion.md)
- 3.4 Verbs
  - [3.4.1 Subject-verb Agreement](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-4-1-subject-verb-agreement.md)
  - [3.4.2 End of Topic Test - Subject-verb](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-4-2-end-of-topic-test-subject-verb.md)
- 3.5 Modal Verbs
  - [3.5.1 Modal Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-5-1-modal-verbs.md)
  - [3.5.2 Can & Could](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-5-2-can-and-could.md)
  - [3.5.3 May & Might](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-5-3-may-and-might.md)
  - [3.5.4 Should & Shall](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-5-4-should-and-shall.md)
  - [3.5.5 Will & Would](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-5-5-will-and-would.md)
  - [3.5.6 Must & Have To](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-5-6-must-and-have-to.md)
  - [3.5.7 End of Topic Test - Modals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-5-7-end-of-topic-test-modals.md)
- 3.6 Phrasal Verbs
  - [3.6.1 Phrasal Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-6-1-phrasal-verbs.md)
  - [3.6.2 End of Topic Test - Phrasal Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-6-2-end-of-topic-test-phrasal-verbs.md)
- 3.7 Subjunctive Verbs
  - [3.7.1 Subjunctive Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-7-1-subjunctive-verbs.md)
  - [3.7.2 End of Topic Test - Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-7-2-end-of-topic-test-verbs.md)
- 3.8 Sentences
  - [3.8.1 Subject of a Sentence](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-8-1-subject-of-a-sentence.md)
  - [3.8.2 Object of a Sentence](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-8-2-object-of-a-sentence.md)
  - [3.8.3 Main & Subordinate Clauses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-8-3-main-and-subordinate-clauses.md)
  - [3.8.4 Simple Sentences & Compound Sentences](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-8-4-simple-sentences-and-compound-sentences.md)
  - [3.8.5 Complex Sentences](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-8-5-complex-sentences.md)
  - [3.8.6 Relative Clauses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-8-6-relative-clauses.md)
  - [3.8.7 Relative Clauses Without Relative Pronouns](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-8-7-relative-clauses-without-relative-pronouns.md)
  - [3.8.8 Participle Clauses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-8-8-participle-clauses.md)
  - [3.8.9 Run-on Sentences](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-8-9-run-on-sentences.md)
  - [3.8.10 Sentence Functions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-8-10-sentence-functions.md)
  - [3.8.11 End of Topic Test - Sentences](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-8-11-end-of-topic-test-sentences.md)
- 3.9 Tenses
  - [3.9.1 Present Tense](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-9-1-present-tense.md)
  - [3.9.2 Past Tense](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-9-2-past-tense.md)
  - [3.9.3 Past Tense Using Have](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-9-3-past-tense-using-have.md)
  - [3.9.4 Future Tense](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-9-4-future-tense.md)
  - [3.9.5 Present vs Past vs Future](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-9-5-present-vs-past-vs-future.md)
  - [3.9.6 Continuity of Tenses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-9-6-continuity-of-tenses.md)
  - [3.9.7 End of Topic Test - Tenses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-9-7-end-of-topic-test-tenses.md)
- 3.10 Adverbials
  - [3.10.1 Adverbial](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-10-1-adverbial.md)
  - [3.10.2 Saying Where & When](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-10-2-saying-where-and-when.md)
  - [3.10.3 Saying How Often](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-10-3-saying-how-often.md)
  - [3.10.4 Saying How & Why](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-10-4-saying-how-and-why.md)
  - [3.10.5 Using Commas for Fronted Adverbials](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-10-5-using-commas-for-fronted-adverbials.md)
  - [3.10.6 End of Topic Test - Adverbials](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-10-6-end-of-topic-test-adverbials.md)
- 3.11 Language Techniques
  - [3.11.1 Figurative & Emotive Language](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-11-1-figurative-and-emotive-language.md)
  - [3.11.2 Active & Passive Voice](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-11-2-active-and-passive-voice.md)
  - [3.11.3 Idiomatic Expressions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-11-3-idiomatic-expressions.md)
  - [3.11.4 End of Topic Test - Language Techniques](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/3-11-4-end-of-topic-test-language-techniques.md)

### 4 Decoding Words
- 4.1 Common Word Roots
  - [4.1.1 Saving](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-1-1-saving.md)
  - [4.1.2 Certainty & Clarity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-1-2-certainty-and-clarity.md)
  - [4.1.3 New & Alone](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-1-3-new-and-alone.md)
  - [4.1.4 Believing & Thinking](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-1-4-believing-and-thinking.md)
  - [4.1.5 Carrying & Leading](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-1-5-carrying-and-leading.md)
  - [4.1.6 Shape & Place](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-1-6-shape-and-place.md)
  - [4.1.7 Doing & Making](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-1-7-doing-and-making.md)
  - [4.1.8 Climbing & Going](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-1-8-climbing-and-going.md)
  - [4.1.9 End of Topic Test - Common Root Words](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-1-9-end-of-topic-test-common-root-words.md)
  - [4.1.10 End of Topic Test - Common Root Words 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-1-10-end-of-topic-test-common-root-words-2.md)
- 4.2 Common Prefixes
  - [4.2.1 For & Against](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-1-for-and-against.md)
  - [4.2.2 All & Same](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-2-all-and-same.md)
  - [4.2.3 Away & Far](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-3-away-and-far.md)
  - [4.2.4 Colour & Shape](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-4-colour-and-shape.md)
  - [4.2.5 Back & Down](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-5-back-and-down.md)
  - [4.2.6 Numbers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-6-numbers.md)
  - [4.2.7 Across & Through](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-7-across-and-through.md)
  - [4.2.8 Life & Earth](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-8-life-and-earth.md)
  - [4.2.9 Empty & Broken](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-9-empty-and-broken.md)
  - [4.2.10 Great & Greater](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-10-great-and-greater.md)
  - [4.2.11 Hearing & Speaking](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-11-hearing-and-speaking.md)
  - [4.2.12 Apart & Together](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-12-apart-and-together.md)
  - [4.2.13 Over & Under](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-13-over-and-under.md)
  - [4.2.14 In](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-14-in.md)
  - [4.2.15 Less & Smaller](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-15-less-and-smaller.md)
  - [4.2.16 Before & After](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-16-before-and-after.md)
  - [4.2.17 End of Topic Test - Common Prefixes 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-17-end-of-topic-test-common-prefixes-2.md)
  - [4.2.18 End of Topic Test - Common Prefixes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-2-18-end-of-topic-test-common-prefixes.md)
- 4.3 Common Suffixes
  - [4.3.1 Characterised By](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-3-1-characterised-by.md)
  - [4.3.2 Disease](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-3-2-disease.md)
  - [4.3.3 Lover & Lacking](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-3-3-lover-and-lacking.md)
  - [4.3.4 Belief & Study](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-3-4-belief-and-study.md)
  - [4.3.5 People](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-3-5-people.md)
  - [4.3.6 State & Quality](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-3-6-state-and-quality.md)
  - [4.3.7 Sound & Colour](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-3-7-sound-and-colour.md)
  - [4.3.8 Capable & Relating](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-3-8-capable-and-relating.md)
  - [4.3.9 End of Topic Test - Common Suffixes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-3-9-end-of-topic-test-common-suffixes.md)
  - [4.3.10 End of Topic Test - Common Suffixes 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/4-3-10-end-of-topic-test-common-suffixes-2.md)

### 5 Reading & Writing
- 5.1 Reading Formats
  - [5.1.1 Speeches](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-1-1-speeches.md)
  - [5.1.2 Famous Letters](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-1-2-famous-letters.md)
  - [5.1.3 Diary Entries](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-1-3-diary-entries.md)
  - [5.1.4 Autobiographical Text](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-1-4-autobiographical-text.md)
  - [5.1.5 Opinion News Articles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-1-5-opinion-news-articles.md)
  - [5.1.6 Literary Non-Fiction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-1-6-literary-non-fiction.md)
  - [5.1.7 Creative Fiction Methods](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-1-7-creative-fiction-methods.md)
  - [5.1.8 Newspaper Articles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-1-8-newspaper-articles.md)
  - [5.1.9 Personal & Formal Letters](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-1-9-personal-and-formal-letters.md)
  - [5.1.10 Famous Diaries](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-1-10-famous-diaries.md)
  - [5.1.11 End of Topic Test - Reading Formats](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-1-11-end-of-topic-test-reading-formats.md)
- 5.2 Writing Formats
  - [5.2.1 Features of a Script](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-2-1-features-of-a-script.md)
  - [5.2.2 Poems Structure](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-2-2-poems-structure.md)
  - [5.2.3 Writing a Poem](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-2-3-writing-a-poem.md)
  - [5.2.4 Writing an Informational Article](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-2-4-writing-an-informational-article.md)
  - [5.2.5 Writing an Opinion Article](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-2-5-writing-an-opinion-article.md)
  - [5.2.6 Writing a Formal Letter](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-2-6-writing-a-formal-letter.md)
  - [5.2.7 Writing Personal Letters](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-2-7-writing-personal-letters.md)
  - [5.2.8 Poetry](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-2-8-poetry.md)
  - [5.2.9 Features of a Speech](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-2-9-features-of-a-speech.md)
  - [5.2.10 Writing a Script](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-2-10-writing-a-script.md)
  - [5.2.11 End of Topic Test - Writing Formats](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/ks3/english/english-ks3-spelling-punctuation-and-grammar/5-2-11-end-of-topic-test-writing-formats.md)