Source: https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-6-4-ir-verbs

[Revision notes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes.md) › [IGCSE](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse.md) › [Spanish](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish.md) › [Edexcel IGCSE](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse.md) › IR Verbs

# IR Verbs

Spanish: Edexcel IGCSE, topic 10.6.4

## Regular ER Verbs

The imperfect stem is based on the 'ellos/ellas' form of the preterite tense. There are two sets of endings that are both widely used. It does not matter which endings you use, it is down to choice. Here is the example of 'vivir':

### The stem

![The stem](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/5829cdc1-6541-449f-bae2-08d6ebab0aa9/spring-flower-innocence-.jpg)

- To form the stem you take the 'ellos/ellas' form of the preterite tense, ending in 'ieron'. 
- You take of the 'on' and add the endings.
- There are two sets of endings.

### 'Iera' endings

!['Iera' endings](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-07/23744490-d565-4723-88cb-9e331bc9929b/wordsworth-house-cottage.jpg)

- **Viv**iera**** - I was living.
- **Viv**ieras**** - you were living.
- **Viv**iera**** - he/she was living.
- **Viv**iéramos**** - we were living.
- **Viv**ierais**** - you were living.
- **Viv**ieran**** - they were living.

### 'Iese' endings

!['Iese' endings](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/5f4b6426-2069-4aa3-8878-8948dc5631a9/terraced-housing-victorian-worker-.jpg)

- **Viv**iese**** - I was living.
- **Viv**ieses**** - you were living.
- **Viv**iese**** - he/she was living.
- **Viv**iésemos**** - we were living.
- **Viv**ieseis**** - you were living.
- **Viv**iesen**** - they were living.

## Irregular IR Verbs

IR verbs that are irregular in the 'ellos/ellas' form of the preterite tense are irregular in the imperfect subjunctive. They have the same irregular stem as they have in the 'ellos/ellas' form of the preterite tense. Here are some examples:

### 'Pedir'

!['Pedir'](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/0c7619c4-0755-4d0c-82d5-3356e1c66269/asking-hand.jpg)

- **P**i**diera/p**i**diese** - I was asking for.
- **P**i**dieras/p**i**dieses** - you were asking for.
- **P**i**diera/p**i**diese** - he/she was asking for.
- **P**i**diéramos/p**i**diésemos** - we were asking for.
- **P**i**dierais/p**i**dieseis** - you were asking for.
- **P**i**dieran/p**i**diesen** - they were asking for.

### 'Conducir'

!['Conducir'](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-03/d3f622e1-229c-413c-8ced-554f4477e600/shutterstock_124540003.jpg)

- **Cond**uj**era/cond**uj**ese** - I was driving.
- **Cond**uj**eras/cond**uj**eses** - you were driving.
- **Cond**uj**era/cond**uj**ese** - he/she was driving.
- **Cond**uj**éramos/cond**uj**ésemos** - we were driving.
- **Cond**uj**erais/cond**uj**eseis** - you were driving.
- **Cond**uj**eran/cond**uj**esen** - they were driving.

### 'Dormir'

!['Dormir'](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/17112315-22f3-47dc-abca-914628dba306/cat-dream-sleep-rest-lazy-.jpg)

- **D**u**rmiera/d**u**rmiese** - I was sleeping.
- **D**u**rmieras/d**u**rmieses** - you were sleeping.
- **D**u**rmiera/d**u**rmiese** - he/she was sleeping.
- **D**u**rmiéramos/d**u**rmiésemos** - we were sleeping.
- **D**u**rmierais/d**u**rmieseis** - you were sleeping.
- **D**u**rmieran/d**u**rmiesen** - they were sleeping.

### 'Oír'

!['Oír'](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/5f81f237-4cbe-4c96-89e1-f7de8bda1260/man-listening-ear.jpg)

- **O**y**era/o**y**ese** - I used to hear.
- **O**y**eras/o**y**eses** - you used to hear.
- **O**y**era/o**y**ese** - he/she used to hear.
- **O**y**éramos/o**y**ésemos** - we used to hear.
- **O**y**erais/o**y**eseis** - you used to hear.
- **O**y**eran/o**y**esen** - they used to hear.

## Test yourself on IR Verbs

- Which of these is not the correct form of 'vivir' in the imperfect subjunctive?
- Which of these is NOT the correct form of 'recibir' in the imperfect subjunctive?
- How do you say 'we were driving' in the imperfect subjunctive in Spanish?

[Practise this topic for free](https://app.senecalearning.com/classroom/course/c582299d-f5d3-4905-937e-46292be2dbdb/section/675a0a0e-43df-4e42-91ca-43a762f3fa45/session)

- Previous topic: [10.6.3 ER Verbs: Strong Preterites](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-6-3-er-verbs-strong-preterites.md)
- Next topic: [10.6.5 IR Verbs: Strong Preterites](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-6-5-ir-verbs-strong-preterites.md)

## Spanish: Edexcel IGCSE contents

### 1 The Basics
- 1.1 Pronouns
  - [1.1.1 Personal Pronouns](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/1-1-1-personal-pronouns.md)
- 1.2 Verbs
  - [1.2.1 3 Types of Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/1-2-1-3-types-of-verbs.md)
- 1.3 Nouns
  - [1.3.1 Noun Endings](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/1-3-1-noun-endings.md)
- 1.4 Adjectives
  - [1.4.1 Gender](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/1-4-1-gender.md)
  - [1.4.2 Position](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/1-4-2-position.md)
- 1.5 Abbreviations
  - [1.5.1 Common Abbreviations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/1-5-1-common-abbreviations.md)
- 1.6 Time
  - [1.6.1 Time Expressions (1/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/1-6-1-time-expressions-12.md)
  - [1.6.2 Time Expressions (2/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/1-6-2-time-expressions-22.md)
  - [1.6.3 Time](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/1-6-3-time.md)
  - [1.6.4 Telling the Time](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/1-6-4-telling-the-time.md)
  - [1.6.5 Seasons](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/1-6-5-seasons.md)
  - [1.6.6 Sometimes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/1-6-6-sometimes.md)
  - [1.6.7 A While](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/1-6-7-a-while.md)

### 2 Home & Abroad
- 2.1 Town & Region
  - [2.1.1 Shops](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-1-1-shops.md)
  - [2.1.2 Places](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-1-2-places.md)
  - [2.1.3 Town & Region](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-1-3-town-and-region.md)
  - [2.1.4 Town & Countryside](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-1-4-town-and-countryside.md)
  - [2.1.5 Weather](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-1-5-weather.md)
- 2.2 Holiday
  - [2.2.1 Countries](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-2-1-countries.md)
  - [2.2.2 Holidays](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-2-2-holidays.md)
  - [2.2.3 Opinions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-2-3-opinions.md)
  - [2.2.4 Accomodation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-2-4-accomodation.md)
  - [2.2.5 Eating Out](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-2-5-eating-out.md)
  - [2.2.6 Tourism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-2-6-tourism.md)
  - [2.2.7 Directions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-2-7-directions.md)
  - [2.2.8 Near, There](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-2-8-near-there.md)
- 2.3 Customs
  - [2.3.1 Customs & Festivals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-3-1-customs-and-festivals.md)
  - [2.3.2 Customs & Festivals 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-3-2-customs-and-festivals-2.md)
- 2.4 Everyday Life, Traditions & Communities
  - [2.4.1 Greetings](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/2-4-1-greetings.md)

### 3 Education & Employment
- 3.1 School Life
  - [3.1.1 School](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/3-1-1-school.md)
  - [3.1.2 Subjects](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/3-1-2-subjects.md)
  - [3.1.3 A Good Student](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/3-1-3-a-good-student.md)
  - [3.1.4 Life at School](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/3-1-4-life-at-school.md)
- 3.2 School Trips
  - [3.2.1 School Trips](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/3-2-1-school-trips.md)
- 3.3 Work
  - [3.3.1 Types of Jobs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/3-3-1-types-of-jobs.md)
  - [3.3.2 Work](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/3-3-2-work.md)
  - [3.3.3 Languages](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/3-3-3-languages.md)
  - [3.3.4 Charity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/3-3-4-charity.md)
- 3.4 Future Plans
  - [3.4.1 University](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/3-4-1-university.md)
  - [3.4.2 Future Study](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/3-4-2-future-study.md)

### 4 Personal Life & Relationships
- 4.1 House & Home
  - [4.1.1 Home](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-1-1-home.md)
  - [4.1.2 What is in Your House?](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-1-2-what-is-in-your-house.md)
  - [4.1.3 Near Your Home](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-1-3-near-your-home.md)
  - [4.1.4 Common Prepositions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-1-4-common-prepositions.md)
  - [4.1.5 Greetings](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-1-5-greetings.md)
- 4.2 Daily Routines & Helping at Home
  - [4.2.1 Daily Routine](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-2-1-daily-routine.md)
  - [4.2.2 Helping at Home](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-2-2-helping-at-home.md)
- 4.3 Family & Friends
  - [4.3.1 Age & Name: Introduction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-1-age-and-name-introduction.md)
  - [4.3.2 Age & Name](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-2-age-and-name.md)
  - [4.3.3 Personality](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-3-personality.md)
  - [4.3.4 Physical Appearance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-4-physical-appearance.md)
  - [4.3.5 Family: Relationships](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-5-family-relationships.md)
  - [4.3.6 Family](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-6-family.md)
  - [4.3.7 Friends (1/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-7-friends-12.md)
  - [4.3.8 Friends (2/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-8-friends-22.md)
  - [4.3.9 Describing Family](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-9-describing-family.md)
  - [4.3.10 Describing People](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-10-describing-people.md)
  - [4.3.11 Relationships](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-11-relationships.md)
  - [4.3.12 Relationships: Important Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-12-relationships-important-verbs.md)
  - [4.3.13 Role Model](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-13-role-model.md)
  - [4.3.14 Childhood](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/4-3-14-childhood.md)

### 5 The World Around Us
- 5.1 Environmental Issues
  - [5.1.1 Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/5-1-1-environment.md)
  - [5.1.2 Climate Change](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/5-1-2-climate-change.md)
- 5.2 Weather
  - [5.2.1 The Weather](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/5-2-1-the-weather.md)
- 5.3 Travel & Transport
  - [5.3.1 Going on Holiday](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/5-3-1-going-on-holiday.md)
- 5.4 The Media
  - [5.4.1 Social Media](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/5-4-1-social-media.md)
  - [5.4.2 Opinions on Social Media](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/5-4-2-opinions-on-social-media.md)
  - [5.4.3 Opinions on Social Media 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/5-4-3-opinions-on-social-media-2.md)
- 5.5 Information & Communication
  - [5.5.1 Mobile Technology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/5-5-1-mobile-technology.md)
  - [5.5.2 Using our Devices](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/5-5-2-using-our-devices.md)

### 6 Social Activities, Fitness & Health
- 6.1 Special Occasions
  - [6.1.1 Numbers (1 - 20)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-1-1-numbers-1-20.md)
  - [6.1.2 Numbers (21 - 100)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-1-2-numbers-21-100.md)
  - [6.1.3 Parties](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-1-3-parties.md)
- 6.2 Hobbies & Interests
  - [6.2.1 What I Like: Gustar](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-2-1-what-i-like-gustar.md)
  - [6.2.2 Music](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-2-2-music.md)
  - [6.2.3 Cinema & TV](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-2-3-cinema-and-tv.md)
  - [6.2.4 Sport (1/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-2-4-sport-12.md)
  - [6.2.5 Sport (2/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-2-5-sport-22.md)
  - [6.2.6 Fashion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-2-6-fashion.md)
- 6.3 Shopping & Money Matters
  - [6.3.1 Food & Clothes Shopping](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-3-1-food-and-clothes-shopping.md)
  - [6.3.2 Food & Clothes Shopping 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-3-2-food-and-clothes-shopping-2.md)
  - [6.3.3 Money Matters](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-3-3-money-matters.md)
- 6.4 Injuries, Illness & Health
  - [6.4.1 Healthy Lifestyle](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-4-1-healthy-lifestyle.md)
  - [6.4.2 The Body](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-4-2-the-body.md)
  - [6.4.3 Illness](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-4-3-illness.md)
- 6.5 Food & Drink
  - [6.5.1 Meat](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-5-1-meat.md)
  - [6.5.2 Fish](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-5-2-fish.md)
  - [6.5.3 Other Food](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-5-3-other-food.md)
  - [6.5.4 Fruit & Veg](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-5-4-fruit-and-veg.md)
  - [6.5.5 Drinks & Snacks](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-5-5-drinks-and-snacks.md)
  - [6.5.6 Dairy & Other](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/6-5-6-dairy-and-other.md)

### 7 Listening
- 7.1 Town & Region
  - [7.1.1 My Neighbourhood](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-1-1-my-neighbourhood.md)
  - [7.1.2 Poverty & Homelessness](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-1-2-poverty-and-homelessness.md)
- 7.2 Holiday
  - [7.2.1 Tourism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-2-1-tourism.md)
- 7.3 Customs
  - [7.3.1 Day of the Dead](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-3-1-day-of-the-dead.md)
- 7.4 Education
  - [7.4.1 Life at School](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-4-1-life-at-school.md)
  - [7.4.2 Education Post-16](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-4-2-education-post-16.md)
  - [7.4.3 Jobs, Careers, & Ambition](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-4-3-jobs-careers-and-ambition.md)
  - [7.4.4 Charity & Voluntary Work](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-4-4-charity-and-voluntary-work.md)
- 7.5 Personal Life & Relationships
  - [7.5.1 Family & Friends](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-5-1-family-and-friends.md)
  - [7.5.2 Marriage & Partnerships](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-5-2-marriage-and-partnerships.md)
- 7.6 The Media & Technology
  - [7.6.1 Social Media](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-6-1-social-media.md)
  - [7.6.2 Mobile Technology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-6-2-mobile-technology.md)
- 7.7 Social Activities
  - [7.7.1 Music](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-7-1-music.md)
  - [7.7.2 Cinema & TV](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-7-2-cinema-and-tv.md)
  - [7.7.3 Food & Eating Out](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-7-3-food-and-eating-out.md)
  - [7.7.4 Sport](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-7-4-sport.md)
- 7.8 The Environment
  - [7.8.1 The Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-8-1-the-environment.md)
- 7.9 Fitness & Health
  - [7.9.1 Healthy & Unhealthy Living](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/7-9-1-healthy-and-unhealthy-living.md)

### 8 Common Tenses
- 8.1 Present Tense
  - [8.1.1 Regular AR Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-1-regular-ar-verbs.md)
  - [8.1.2 Negative Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-2-negative-verbs.md)
  - [8.1.3 Irregular AR Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-3-irregular-ar-verbs.md)
  - [8.1.4 Irregular AR Verbs: Exceptions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-4-irregular-ar-verbs-exceptions.md)
  - [8.1.5 Regular ER Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-5-regular-er-verbs.md)
  - [8.1.6 Irregular ER Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-6-irregular-er-verbs.md)
  - [8.1.7 Irregular ER Verbs 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-7-irregular-er-verbs-2.md)
  - [8.1.8 Regular IR Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-8-regular-ir-verbs.md)
  - [8.1.9 Irregular IR Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-9-irregular-ir-verbs.md)
  - [8.1.10 Irregular IR Verbs 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-10-irregular-ir-verbs-2.md)
  - [8.1.11 Irregular IR Verbs 3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-11-irregular-ir-verbs-3.md)
  - [8.1.12 Irregular IR Verbs 4](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-12-irregular-ir-verbs-4.md)
  - [8.1.13 Verb Phrases](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-13-verb-phrases.md)
  - [8.1.14 The Use of 'Se'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-1-14-the-use-of-se.md)
- 8.2 Preterite Tense
  - [8.2.1 Regular AR Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-1-regular-ar-verbs.md)
  - [8.2.2 Irregular AR Verbs (1/4)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-2-irregular-ar-verbs-14.md)
  - [8.2.3 Irregular AR Verbs (2/4)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-3-irregular-ar-verbs-24.md)
  - [8.2.4 Irregular AR Verbs (3/4)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-4-irregular-ar-verbs-34.md)
  - [8.2.5 Irregular AR Verbs (4/4)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-5-irregular-ar-verbs-44.md)
  - [8.2.6 Regular ER Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-6-regular-er-verbs.md)
  - [8.2.7 Irregular ER Verbs (1/5)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-7-irregular-er-verbs-15.md)
  - [8.2.8 Irregular ER Verbs (2/5)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-8-irregular-er-verbs-25.md)
  - [8.2.9 Irregular ER Verbs (3/5)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-9-irregular-er-verbs-35.md)
  - [8.2.10 Irregular ER Verbs (4/5)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-10-irregular-er-verbs-45.md)
  - [8.2.11 Irregular ER Verbs (5/5)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-11-irregular-er-verbs-55.md)
  - [8.2.12 Regular IR Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-12-regular-ir-verbs.md)
  - [8.2.13 Irregular IR Verbs (1/6)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-13-irregular-ir-verbs-16.md)
  - [8.2.14 Irregular IR Verbs (2/6)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-14-irregular-ir-verbs-26.md)
  - [8.2.15 Irregular IR Verbs (3/6)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-15-irregular-ir-verbs-36.md)
  - [8.2.16 Irregular IR Verbs (4/6)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-16-irregular-ir-verbs-46.md)
  - [8.2.17 Irregular IR Verbs (5/6)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-17-irregular-ir-verbs-56.md)
  - [8.2.18 Irregular IR Verbs (6/6)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-2-18-irregular-ir-verbs-66.md)
- 8.3 Imperfect Tense
  - [8.3.1 Regular Verbs (1/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-3-1-regular-verbs-12.md)
  - [8.3.2 Regular Verbs (2/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-3-2-regular-verbs-22.md)
  - [8.3.3 Irregular Verbs - Ir & Ver](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-3-3-irregular-verbs-ir-and-ver.md)
  - [8.3.4 Irregular Verbs - Ser](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-3-4-irregular-verbs-ser.md)
- 8.4 Preterite vs Imperfect Tenses
  - [8.4.1 Uses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-4-1-uses.md)
  - [8.4.2 Preterite vs Imperfect](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-4-2-preterite-vs-imperfect.md)
- 8.5 Future Tense
  - [8.5.1 The Future with 'Ir'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/8-5-1-the-future-with-ir.md)

### 9 Important Verbs
- 9.1 To Be - 'Ser' & 'Estar'
  - [9.1.1 Conjugation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/9-1-1-conjugation.md)
  - [9.1.2 Uses of 'Ser'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/9-1-2-uses-of-ser.md)
  - [9.1.3 Expressions Using 'Ser'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/9-1-3-expressions-using-ser.md)
  - [9.1.4 Uses of 'Estar'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/9-1-4-uses-of-estar.md)
  - [9.1.5 Expressions Using 'Estar' (1/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/9-1-5-expressions-using-estar-12.md)
  - [9.1.6 Expressions Using 'Estar' (2/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/9-1-6-expressions-using-estar-22.md)
- 9.2 To Like - 'Gustar'
  - [9.2.1 How to Use 'Gustar'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/9-2-1-how-to-use-gustar.md)
- 9.3 To Have - 'Tener'
  - [9.3.1 How to Use 'Tener'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/9-3-1-how-to-use-tener.md)
  - [9.3.2 Phrases Using 'Tener'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/9-3-2-phrases-using-tener.md)

### 10 Advanced Tenses
- 10.1 The Simple Future
  - [10.1.1 Regular Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-1-1-regular-verbs.md)
  - [10.1.2 Regular Verbs 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-1-2-regular-verbs-2.md)
  - [10.1.3 Irregular Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-1-3-irregular-verbs.md)
  - [10.1.4 Irregular Verbs 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-1-4-irregular-verbs-2.md)
- 10.2 Conditional Tense
  - [10.2.1 Regular Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-2-1-regular-verbs.md)
  - [10.2.2 Regular IR Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-2-2-regular-ir-verbs.md)
  - [10.2.3 'Hacer' & 'Decir'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-2-3-hacer-and-decir.md)
  - [10.2.4 Irregular Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-2-4-irregular-verbs.md)
  - [10.2.5 Uses of the Conditional](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-2-5-uses-of-the-conditional.md)
- 10.3 Continuous Tenses
  - [10.3.1 Forming the Gerund](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-3-1-forming-the-gerund.md)
  - [10.3.2 Changes to the Stem](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-3-2-changes-to-the-stem.md)
  - [10.3.3 Present Continuous](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-3-3-present-continuous.md)
  - [10.3.4 Uses of the Present Continuous](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-3-4-uses-of-the-present-continuous.md)
  - [10.3.5 Imperfect Continuous](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-3-5-imperfect-continuous.md)
- 10.4 Perfect Tense
  - [10.4.1 Past Participles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-4-1-past-participles.md)
  - [10.4.2 Irregular Past Participles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-4-2-irregular-past-participles.md)
  - [10.4.3 Present Perfect](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-4-3-present-perfect.md)
  - [10.4.4 Uses of the Present Perfect](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-4-4-uses-of-the-present-perfect.md)
  - [10.4.5 Pluperfect](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-4-5-pluperfect.md)
  - [10.4.6 Passive Voice](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-4-6-passive-voice.md)
- 10.5 Present Subjunctive
  - [10.5.1 Present Subjunctive: AR Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-5-1-present-subjunctive-ar-verbs.md)
  - [10.5.2 Present Subjunctive: ER Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-5-2-present-subjunctive-er-verbs.md)
  - [10.5.3 Present Subjunctive: IR Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-5-3-present-subjunctive-ir-verbs.md)
  - [10.5.4 Irregular AR Verbs (1/3)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-5-4-irregular-ar-verbs-13.md)
  - [10.5.5 Irregular AR Verbs (2/3)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-5-5-irregular-ar-verbs-23.md)
  - [10.5.6 Irregular AR Verbs (3/3)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-5-6-irregular-ar-verbs-33.md)
  - [10.5.7 Irregular ER Verbs (1/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-5-7-irregular-er-verbs-12.md)
  - [10.5.8 Irregular ER Verbs (2/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-5-8-irregular-er-verbs-22.md)
  - [10.5.9 Irregular IR Verbs (1/3)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-5-9-irregular-ir-verbs-13.md)
  - [10.5.10 Irregular IR Verbs (2/3)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-5-10-irregular-ir-verbs-23.md)
  - [10.5.11 Irregular IR Verbs (3/3)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-5-11-irregular-ir-verbs-33.md)
  - [10.5.12 The Verb 'Ir'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-5-12-the-verb-ir.md)
  - [10.5.13 Subjunctive Uses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-5-13-subjunctive-uses.md)
- 10.6 Imperfect Subjunctive
  - [10.6.1 AR Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-6-1-ar-verbs.md)
  - [10.6.2 ER Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-6-2-er-verbs.md)
  - [10.6.3 ER Verbs: Strong Preterites](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-6-3-er-verbs-strong-preterites.md)
  - [10.6.4 IR Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-6-4-ir-verbs.md)
  - [10.6.5 IR Verbs: Strong Preterites](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-6-5-ir-verbs-strong-preterites.md)
- 10.7 Imperative
  - [10.7.1 The Imperative](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-7-1-the-imperative.md)
  - [10.7.2 Negative Imperative](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-7-2-negative-imperative.md)
  - [10.7.3 Irregular Imperatives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/10-7-3-irregular-imperatives.md)

### 11 Extra Grammar
- 11.1 Articles
  - [11.1.1 Definite Article](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-1-1-definite-article.md)
  - [11.1.2 Indefinite Article](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-1-2-indefinite-article.md)
  - [11.1.3 Lo + Adjective](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-1-3-lo-adjective.md)
- 11.2 Negatives
  - [11.2.1 Just the 'Nada' Bit](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-2-1-just-the-nada-bit.md)
  - [11.2.2 Negatives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-2-2-negatives.md)
- 11.3 Nouns
  - [11.3.1 People & Animals (1/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-3-1-people-and-animals-12.md)
  - [11.3.2 People & Animals (2/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-3-2-people-and-animals-22.md)
  - [11.3.3 Masculine & Feminine Nouns](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-3-3-masculine-and-feminine-nouns.md)
  - [11.3.4 Masculine & Feminine Exceptions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-3-4-masculine-and-feminine-exceptions.md)
  - [11.3.5 Masculine & Feminine](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-3-5-masculine-and-feminine.md)
  - [11.3.6 Masculine & Feminine 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-3-6-masculine-and-feminine-2.md)
  - [11.3.7 Forming the Plural](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-3-7-forming-the-plural.md)
- 11.4 Asking Questions
  - [11.4.1 How to Ask a Question](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-4-1-how-to-ask-a-question.md)
  - [11.4.2 Question Words 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-4-2-question-words-2.md)
  - [11.4.3 Common Questions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-4-3-common-questions.md)
- 11.5 Adjectives
  - [11.5.1 Other Adjectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-5-1-other-adjectives.md)
  - [11.5.2 Adjectives that Remain the Same](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-5-2-adjectives-that-remain-the-same.md)
  - [11.5.3 'Grande' & 'Bueno'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-5-3-grande-and-bueno.md)
  - [11.5.4 Plural](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-5-4-plural.md)
  - [11.5.5 The Best, The Worst](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-5-5-the-best-the-worst.md)
  - [11.5.6 This, These, That and Those](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-5-6-this-these-that-and-those.md)
  - [11.5.7 Possession](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-5-7-possession.md)
  - [11.5.8 Posession (2/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-5-8-posession-22.md)
  - [11.5.9 Whose](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-5-9-whose.md)
  - [11.5.10 Indefinite](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-5-10-indefinite.md)
- 11.6 Adverbs
  - [11.6.1 Adding 'Mente'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-6-1-adding-mente.md)
  - [11.6.2 Common Phrases with Adverbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-6-2-common-phrases-with-adverbs.md)
  - [11.6.3 Common Phrases with Adverbs 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-6-3-common-phrases-with-adverbs-2.md)
  - [11.6.4 Still & Yet](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-6-4-still-and-yet.md)
- 11.7 Conjunctions
  - [11.7.1 What are Conjunctions?](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-7-1-what-are-conjunctions.md)
  - [11.7.2 Connectors](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-7-2-connectors.md)
- 11.8 Pronouns
  - [11.8.1 This, These, That & Those](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-8-1-this-these-that-and-those.md)
  - [11.8.2 Possession](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-8-2-possession.md)
  - [11.8.3 Someone, Something](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-8-3-someone-something.md)
  - [11.8.4 Reflexive Pronouns](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-8-4-reflexive-pronouns.md)
  - [11.8.5 Direct Object](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-8-5-direct-object.md)
  - [11.8.6 After Prepositions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-8-6-after-prepositions.md)
  - [11.8.7 Que and Quien](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-8-7-que-and-quien.md)
  - [11.8.8 'El Que' and 'El Cual'](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-8-8-el-que-and-el-cual.md)
- 11.9 By, With, From, Of
  - [11.9.1 By, With, From, Of](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-9-1-by-with-from-of.md)
  - [11.9.2 'Por' & 'Para' (1/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-9-2-por-and-para-12.md)
  - [11.9.3 'Por' & 'Para' (2/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-9-3-por-and-para-22.md)
- 11.10 Verbs
  - [11.10.1 Derivatives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-10-1-derivatives.md)
  - [11.10.2 Derivatives 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-10-2-derivatives-2.md)
  - [11.10.3 Reflexives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-10-3-reflexives.md)
  - [11.10.4 Common Reflexive Verbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-10-4-common-reflexive-verbs.md)
  - [11.10.5 Common Reflexive Verbs 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-10-5-common-reflexive-verbs-2.md)
- 11.11 Comparisons
  - [11.11.1 Comparisons (1/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-11-1-comparisons-12.md)
  - [11.11.2 Comparisons (2/2)](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/spanish/edexcel-igcse/11-11-2-comparisons-22.md)
