Source: https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-9-decay-equations [Revision notes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes.md) › [IGCSE](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse.md) › [Physics](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics.md) › [Edexcel IGCSE](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse.md) › [Higher](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher.md) › Decay Equations # Decay Equations Physics: Edexcel IGCSE, topic 7.2.9 ## Decay Equations When writing the nuclear equations, atomic number and mass number must be the same on each side. ### Atomic number ![Atomic number](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/courseImages/physics/AQA%20New%20Modules/6.4.2/Atom.jpg) - The sum (total) of the atomic numbers on one side of the equation must equal to the sum (total) of the atomic numbers on the other side. ### Mass number ![Mass number](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/courseImages/physics/AQA%20New%20Modules/6.4.2/scales.jpg) - The sum of the mass numbers must also be equal. ## Test yourself on Decay Equations - How many protons and nucleons are lost in alpha decay? - What is the product of beta decay of a carbon atom? [Practise this topic for free](https://app.senecalearning.com/classroom/course/8d64c500-1ba7-11e8-9294-c3528be8998b/section/e8f3527b-2f0c-4d61-99a4-f426f2dea486/session) - Previous topic: [7.2.8 Radioactive Decay](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-8-radioactive-decay.md) - Next topic: [7.2.10 Nuclear Fission Equation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-10-nuclear-fission-equation.md) ## Physics: Edexcel IGCSE contents ### 1 Forces & Motion - 1.1 Basics of Motion - [1.1.1 Average Speed](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-1-average-speed.md) - [1.1.2 Acceleration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-2-acceleration.md) - [1.1.3 Distance & Displacement](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-3-distance-and-displacement.md) - [1.1.4 Velocity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-4-velocity.md) - [1.1.5 Adding Vectors](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-5-adding-vectors.md) - [1.1.6 Distance-Time Graphs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-6-distance-time-graphs.md) - [1.1.7 Speed-Time Graphs 1](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-7-speed-time-graphs-1.md) - [1.1.8 Speed-Time Graphs 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-8-speed-time-graphs-2.md) - [1.1.9 Initial & Final Speed, Acceleration, Distance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-9-initial-and-final-speed-acceleration-distance.md) - [1.1.10 Average Speed - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-10-average-speed-calculations.md) - [1.1.11 Acceleration - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-11-acceleration-calculations.md) - [1.1.12 Uniform Acceleration - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-12-uniform-acceleration-calculations.md) - [1.1.13 Grade 9 - Motion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-13-grade-9-motion.md) - [1.1.14 Exam-Style Questions - Graphs of Motion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-14-exam-style-questions-graphs-of-motion.md) - 1.2 Forces - [1.2.1 Contact & Non-Contact Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-2-1-contact-and-non-contact-forces.md) - [1.2.2 Examples of Contact Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-2-2-examples-of-contact-forces.md) - [1.2.3 Friction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-2-3-friction.md) - [1.2.4 Newton's First Law](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-2-4-newtons-first-law.md) - [1.2.5 Newton's Second Law](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-2-5-newtons-second-law.md) - [1.2.6 Newton's Third Law](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-2-6-newtons-third-law.md) - [1.2.7 Describing Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-2-7-describing-forces.md) - [1.2.8 Using Free Body Diagrams](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-2-8-using-free-body-diagrams.md) - 1.3 Effects of Forces - [1.3.1 Momentum - No Impulse](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-1-momentum-no-impulse.md) - [1.3.2 Momentum](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-2-momentum.md) - [1.3.3 Momentum: Law of Conservation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-3-momentum-law-of-conservation.md) - [1.3.4 Force & Momentum Change](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-4-force-and-momentum-change.md) - [1.3.5 Momentum - Safety](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-5-momentum-safety.md) - [1.3.6 Change in Momentum - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-6-change-in-momentum-calculations.md) - [1.3.7 Momentum - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-7-momentum-calculations.md) - [1.3.8 Mass](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-8-mass.md) - [1.3.9 Weight](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-9-weight.md) - [1.3.10 Centre of Mass](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-10-centre-of-mass.md) - [1.3.11 Gravity - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-11-gravity-calculations.md) - [1.3.12 Free Fall](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-12-free-fall.md) - [1.3.13 Air Resistance & Friction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-13-air-resistance-and-friction.md) - [1.3.14 Graphs of Motion with Air Resistance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-14-graphs-of-motion-with-air-resistance.md) - [1.3.15 Turning Effect](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-15-turning-effect.md) - [1.3.16 Moments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-16-moments.md) - [1.3.17 Equilibrium](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-17-equilibrium.md) - [1.3.18 Moments - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-18-moments-calculations.md) - [1.3.19 Exam-Style Questions - Moments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-19-exam-style-questions-moments.md) - 1.4 Stopping Distance - [1.4.1 Stopping Distance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-4-1-stopping-distance.md) - [1.4.2 Stopping Distance - Thinking Distance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-4-2-stopping-distance-thinking-distance.md) - [1.4.3 Stopping Distance - Braking Distance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-4-3-stopping-distance-braking-distance.md) - 1.5 Forces & Elasticity - [1.5.1 Stretching, Bending & Compressing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-5-1-stretching-bending-and-compressing.md) - [1.5.2 Elastic Deformation vs Inelastic Deformation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-5-2-elastic-deformation-vs-inelastic-deformation.md) - [1.5.3 Hooke's Law](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-5-3-hookes-law.md) - [1.5.4 Hooke's Law - Equation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-5-4-hookes-law-equation.md) - [1.5.5 Hooke's Law - Spring Experiments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-5-5-hookes-law-spring-experiments.md) - [1.5.6 Hooke's Law - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-5-6-hookes-law-calculations.md) - [1.5.7 Elastic Potential - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-5-7-elastic-potential-calculations.md) - [1.5.8 End of Topic Test - Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-5-8-end-of-topic-test-forces.md) - [1.5.9 Exam-Style Questions - Elastic Potential](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-5-9-exam-style-questions-elastic-potential.md) ### 2 Electricity - 2.1 Electricity in Homes - [2.1.1 Mains Electricity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-1-mains-electricity.md) - [2.1.2 Power Rating of Appliances](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-2-power-rating-of-appliances.md) - [2.1.3 National Grid](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-3-national-grid.md) - [2.1.4 AC/DC](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-4-acdc.md) - [2.1.5 Electrical Safety](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-5-electrical-safety.md) - [2.1.6 Fuses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-6-fuses.md) - [2.1.7 Fuse Ratings](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-7-fuse-ratings.md) - 2.2 Current & Potential Difference - [2.2.1 Current](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-2-1-current.md) - [2.2.2 Current - Equation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-2-2-current-equation.md) - [2.2.3 Current - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-2-3-current-calculations.md) - [2.2.4 Conductors & Insulators](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-2-4-conductors-and-insulators.md) - [2.2.5 Electrical Conductors - Electrons](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-2-5-electrical-conductors-electrons.md) - [2.2.6 Potential Difference](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-2-6-potential-difference.md) - [2.2.7 Potential Difference - Equation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-2-7-potential-difference-equation.md) - [2.2.8 Measurements in Circuits](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-2-8-measurements-in-circuits.md) - [2.2.9 Voltage - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-2-9-voltage-calculations.md) - 2.3 Resistance & Power - [2.3.1 Resistance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-3-1-resistance.md) - [2.3.2 Ohm's Law](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-3-2-ohms-law.md) - [2.3.3 Measuring Resistance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-3-3-measuring-resistance.md) - [2.3.4 Resistance & Ohms Law - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-3-4-resistance-and-ohms-law-calculations.md) - [2.3.5 Variable Resistance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-3-5-variable-resistance.md) - [2.3.6 Current-Voltage Graph for a Resistor](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-3-6-current-voltage-graph-for-a-resistor.md) - [2.3.7 Electrical Work](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-3-7-electrical-work.md) - [2.3.8 Power](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-3-8-power.md) - [2.3.9 Heating Effect in Resistors](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-3-9-heating-effect-in-resistors.md) - [2.3.10 Electrical Work - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-3-10-electrical-work-calculations.md) - [2.3.11 Exam-Style Questions - Resistance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-3-11-exam-style-questions-resistance.md) - 2.4 Electric Circuits - [2.4.1 Circuit Diagrams](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-1-circuit-diagrams.md) - [2.4.2 Circuit Symbols](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-2-circuit-symbols.md) - [2.4.3 Diodes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-3-diodes.md) - [2.4.4 LDRs & Thermistors](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-4-ldrs-and-thermistors.md) - [2.4.5 Series Circuits](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-5-series-circuits.md) - [2.4.6 Resistors in Series](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-6-resistors-in-series.md) - [2.4.7 Series Circuits - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-7-series-circuits-calculations.md) - [2.4.8 Parallel Circuits](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-8-parallel-circuits.md) - [2.4.9 Parallel Circuits in Practice](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-9-parallel-circuits-in-practice.md) - [2.4.10 End of Topic Test - Electricity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-10-end-of-topic-test-electricity.md) - [2.4.11 Grade 9 - Circuits](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-11-grade-9-circuits.md) - [2.4.12 Exam-Style Questions - Electrical Circuits](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-12-exam-style-questions-electrical-circuits.md) - 2.5 Static Electricity - [2.5.1 Electric Charge](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-5-1-electric-charge.md) - [2.5.2 Charging an Object](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-5-2-charging-an-object.md) - [2.5.3 Charged Objects](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-5-3-charged-objects.md) - [2.5.4 Uses of Static Electricity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-5-4-uses-of-static-electricity.md) - [2.5.5 Charge Dangers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-5-5-charge-dangers.md) - [2.5.6 Calculating Power & Energy Transferred](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-5-6-calculating-power-and-energy-transferred.md) ### 3 Waves - 3.1 Wave Basics - [3.1.1 Wave Basics](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-1-wave-basics.md) - [3.1.2 Transverse Waves](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-2-transverse-waves.md) - [3.1.3 Longitudinal Waves](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-3-longitudinal-waves.md) - [3.1.4 Wave Frequency Formula](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-4-wave-frequency-formula.md) - [3.1.5 Wavelength & Amplitude](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-5-wavelength-and-amplitude.md) - [3.1.6 Wave Speed](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-6-wave-speed.md) - [3.1.7 Wave Speed - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-7-wave-speed-calculations.md) - [3.1.8 Wave Frequency - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-8-wave-frequency-calculations.md) - [3.1.9 Wavefronts](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-9-wavefronts.md) - [3.1.10 Doppler Effect](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-10-doppler-effect.md) - [3.1.11 Exam-Style Questions - Wave Speed](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-11-exam-style-questions-wave-speed.md) - 3.2 Waves at a Boundary - [3.2.1 Changing Wave Motion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-2-1-changing-wave-motion.md) - [3.2.2 Reflection](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-2-2-reflection.md) - [3.2.3 Refraction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-2-3-refraction.md) - [3.2.4 Angle of Refraction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-2-4-angle-of-refraction.md) - [3.2.5 Refractive Index 1](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-2-5-refractive-index-1.md) - [3.2.6 Refractive Index 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-2-6-refractive-index-2.md) - [3.2.7 Total Internal Reflection](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-2-7-total-internal-reflection.md) - [3.2.8 Optic Fibres](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-2-8-optic-fibres.md) - 3.3 Electromagnetic Spectrum - [3.3.1 Properties of Electromagnetic Waves](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-1-properties-of-electromagnetic-waves.md) - [3.3.2 Gamma Rays](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-2-gamma-rays.md) - [3.3.3 X-Rays](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-3-x-rays.md) - [3.3.4 UV Light](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-4-uv-light.md) - [3.3.5 Visible Light](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-5-visible-light.md) - [3.3.6 Infrared Radiation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-6-infrared-radiation.md) - [3.3.7 Microwaves](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-7-microwaves.md) - [3.3.8 Radio Waves](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-8-radio-waves.md) - [3.3.9 End of Topic Test - EM Waves](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-9-end-of-topic-test-em-waves.md) - [3.3.10 Exam-Style Questions - Electromagnetic Wave Uses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-10-exam-style-questions-electromagnetic-wave-uses.md) - 3.4 Sound Waves - [3.4.1 Sound Waves](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-4-1-sound-waves.md) - [3.4.2 Sound Waves & Our Ears](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-4-2-sound-waves-and-our-ears.md) - [3.4.3 Sound as a Wave](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-4-3-sound-as-a-wave.md) - [3.4.4 Signal Generators](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-4-4-signal-generators.md) - [3.4.5 Sound Waves - Oscilloscope Traces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-4-5-sound-waves-oscilloscope-traces.md) - [3.4.6 Measuring the Speed of Sound - Experiment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-4-6-measuring-the-speed-of-sound-experiment.md) - [3.4.7 End of Topic Test - Waves](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-4-7-end-of-topic-test-waves.md) - 3.5 Communications - [3.5.1 Digital & Analogue Signals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-5-1-digital-and-analogue-signals.md) - [3.5.2 Benefits of Digital Signals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-5-2-benefits-of-digital-signals.md) ### 4 Energy Resources & Energy Transfers - 4.1 Energy Changes - [4.1.1 Energy Stores](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-1-energy-stores.md) - [4.1.2 Conservation of Energy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-2-conservation-of-energy.md) - [4.1.3 Examples of Energy Conversion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-3-examples-of-energy-conversion.md) - [4.1.4 Kinetic Energy Stored](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-4-kinetic-energy-stored.md) - [4.1.5 Gravitational Potential Energy Stored](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-5-gravitational-potential-energy-stored.md) - [4.1.6 Elastic Potential Energy Stored](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-6-elastic-potential-energy-stored.md) - [4.1.7 Changes in Kinetic Energy - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-7-changes-in-kinetic-energy-calculations.md) - [4.1.8 Changes in GPE - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-8-changes-in-gpe-calculations.md) - [4.1.9 Changes in EPE - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-9-changes-in-epe-calculations.md) - [4.1.10 Mechanical Work Done](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-10-mechanical-work-done.md) - [4.1.11 Mechanical Work Done - Equation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-11-mechanical-work-done-equation.md) - [4.1.12 Power](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-12-power.md) - [4.1.13 Mechanical Work - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-13-mechanical-work-calculations.md) - [4.1.14 Electrical Work Done- Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-14-electrical-work-done-calculations.md) - 4.2 Energy Losses & Efficiency - [4.2.1 Energy Wastage](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-1-energy-wastage.md) - [4.2.2 Energy Transfer Diagrams](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-2-energy-transfer-diagrams.md) - [4.2.3 Efficiency](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-3-efficiency.md) - [4.2.4 Reducing Unwanted Energy Transfer](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-4-reducing-unwanted-energy-transfer.md) - [4.2.5 Efficiency - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-5-efficiency-calculations.md) - [4.2.6 Grade 9 - Energy & Efficiency](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-6-grade-9-energy-and-efficiency.md) - [4.2.7 Exam-Style Questions - Energy & Power](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-7-exam-style-questions-energy-and-power.md) - 4.3 Energy Resources - [4.3.1 Energy Resources](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-1-energy-resources.md) - [4.3.2 Fossil Fuels](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-2-fossil-fuels.md) - [4.3.3 Geothermal Energy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-3-geothermal-energy.md) - [4.3.4 Wind Energy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-4-wind-energy.md) - [4.3.5 Water Energy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-5-water-energy.md) - [4.3.6 Tidal Energy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-6-tidal-energy.md) - [4.3.7 Nuclear Energy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-7-nuclear-energy.md) - [4.3.8 Solar Energy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-8-solar-energy.md) - [4.3.9 Non-Renewable & Renewable Resources](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-9-non-renewable-and-renewable-resources.md) - [4.3.10 Renewable Energy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-10-renewable-energy.md) - [4.3.11 Limits to Renewable Energy Resources](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-11-limits-to-renewable-energy-resources.md) - [4.3.12 End of Topic Test - Energy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-12-end-of-topic-test-energy.md) - 4.4 Thermal Processes - [4.4.1 Radiation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-4-1-radiation.md) - [4.4.2 Conduction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-4-2-conduction.md) - [4.4.3 Molecular Conduction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-4-3-molecular-conduction.md) - [4.4.4 Convection Currents](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-4-4-convection-currents.md) - [4.4.5 Convection Currents - Examples](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-4-5-convection-currents-examples.md) ### 5 Solids, Liquids & Gases - 5.1 Density & Pressure - [5.1.1 Density](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-1-1-density.md) - [5.1.2 Density Equation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-1-2-density-equation.md) - [5.1.3 Calculating Density](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-1-3-calculating-density.md) - [5.1.4 Density - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-1-4-density-calculations.md) - [5.1.5 Pressure](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-1-5-pressure.md) - [5.1.6 Atmospheric Pressure](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-1-6-atmospheric-pressure.md) - [5.1.7 Pressure Difference](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-1-7-pressure-difference.md) - [5.1.8 Pressure - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-1-8-pressure-calculations.md) - 5.2 Changing State - [5.2.1 Changes of State](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-2-1-changes-of-state.md) - [5.2.2 States of Matter](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-2-2-states-of-matter.md) - [5.2.3 Specific Heat Capacity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-2-3-specific-heat-capacity.md) - [5.2.4 Exam-Style Questions - Specific Heat](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-2-4-exam-style-questions-specific-heat.md) - [5.2.5 Internal Energy - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-2-5-internal-energy-calculations.md) - 5.3 Ideal Gases - [5.3.1 Kelvin Scale & Absolute Zero](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-3-1-kelvin-scale-and-absolute-zero.md) - [5.3.2 Temperature & the Kelvin Scale](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-3-2-temperature-and-the-kelvin-scale.md) - [5.3.3 Properties of Gases](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-3-3-properties-of-gases.md) - [5.3.4 Temperature Increase in a Gas](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-3-4-temperature-increase-in-a-gas.md) - [5.3.5 End of Topic Test - Solids, Liquids & Gases](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-3-5-end-of-topic-test-solids-liquids-and-gases.md) - [5.3.6 Grade 9 - Solids, Liquids & Gases](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-3-6-grade-9-solids-liquids-and-gases.md) ### 6 Magnetism & Electromagnetism - 6.1 Magnetism - [6.1.1 Magnetism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-1-1-magnetism.md) - [6.1.2 Magnetic Materials](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-1-2-magnetic-materials.md) - [6.1.3 Hard & Soft Magnets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-1-3-hard-and-soft-magnets.md) - [6.1.4 Induced Magnetism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-1-4-induced-magnetism.md) - [6.1.5 Magnetic Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-1-5-magnetic-forces.md) - [6.1.6 Magnetic Field Patterns](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-1-6-magnetic-field-patterns.md) - [6.1.7 Exam-Style Questions - Magnetic Fields](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-1-7-exam-style-questions-magnetic-fields.md) - 6.2 Electromagnetism - [6.2.1 The Magnetic Effect of a Current](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-1-the-magnetic-effect-of-a-current.md) - [6.2.2 Magnetic Field around a Coil of Wire](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-2-magnetic-field-around-a-coil-of-wire.md) - [6.2.3 Magnetic Field Strength](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-3-magnetic-field-strength.md) - [6.2.4 The Motor Effect](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-4-the-motor-effect.md) - [6.2.5 Direction of the Motor Effect](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-5-direction-of-the-motor-effect.md) - [6.2.6 The Catapult Experiment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-6-the-catapult-experiment.md) - [6.2.7 Force on a Current Carrying Wire](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-7-force-on-a-current-carrying-wire.md) - [6.2.8 DC Motors](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-8-dc-motors.md) - [6.2.9 Loudspeakers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-9-loudspeakers.md) - 6.3 Electromagnetic Induction - [6.3.1 Electromagnetic Induction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-3-1-electromagnetic-induction.md) - [6.3.2 Induced Potential Difference](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-3-2-induced-potential-difference.md) - [6.3.3 Alternating Current - The Rotating-Coil Generator](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-3-3-alternating-current-the-rotating-coil-generator.md) - 6.4 Transformers - [6.4.1 Transformers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-4-1-transformers.md) - [6.4.2 Transformer Equation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-4-2-transformer-equation.md) - [6.4.3 Step-Up & Step-Down Transformers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-4-3-step-up-and-step-down-transformers.md) - [6.4.4 Principles of Transformer Operation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-4-4-principles-of-transformer-operation.md) - [6.4.5 High-Voltage Transmission & Transformers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-4-5-high-voltage-transmission-and-transformers.md) - [6.4.6 Transformers - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-4-6-transformers-calculations.md) - [6.4.7 Transformers 2 - Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-4-7-transformers-2-calculations.md) - [6.4.8 Energy in Transformers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-4-8-energy-in-transformers.md) - [6.4.9 Power Losses in Cables](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-4-9-power-losses-in-cables.md) - [6.4.10 End of Topic Test - Magnetism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-4-10-end-of-topic-test-magnetism.md) - [6.4.11 Grade 9 - Transformers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-4-11-grade-9-transformers.md) - [6.4.12 Exam-Style Questions - Transformers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-4-12-exam-style-questions-transformers.md) ### 7 Radioactivity & Particles - 7.1 Atoms - [7.1.1 Atomic Model](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-1-1-atomic-model.md) - [7.1.2 Structure of an Atom](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-1-2-structure-of-an-atom.md) - [7.1.3 The Charges of Sub-Atomic Particles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-1-3-the-charges-of-sub-atomic-particles.md) - [7.1.4 Alpha Particles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-1-4-alpha-particles.md) - [7.1.5 The Model of the Atom](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-1-5-the-model-of-the-atom.md) - [7.1.6 Proton & Nucleon Numbers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-1-6-proton-and-nucleon-numbers.md) - [7.1.7 Atoms & Ions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-1-7-atoms-and-ions.md) - [7.1.8 Isotopes 1](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-1-8-isotopes-1.md) - [7.1.9 Isotopes 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-1-9-isotopes-2.md) - [7.1.10 Carbon Nuclides](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-1-10-carbon-nuclides.md) - 7.2 Radioactivity - [7.2.1 Radioactive Decay](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-1-radioactive-decay.md) - [7.2.2 Types of Radiation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-2-types-of-radiation.md) - [7.2.3 Three Types of Emission](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-3-three-types-of-emission.md) - [7.2.4 Ionising vs Penetration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-4-ionising-vs-penetration.md) - [7.2.5 Nuclear Fission](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-5-nuclear-fission.md) - [7.2.6 Nuclear Reactors](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-6-nuclear-reactors.md) - [7.2.7 Nuclear Fission - Uncontrolled Chain Reaction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-7-nuclear-fission-uncontrolled-chain-reaction.md) - [7.2.8 Radioactive Decay](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-8-radioactive-decay.md) - [7.2.9 Decay Equations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-9-decay-equations.md) - [7.2.10 Nuclear Fission Equation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-10-nuclear-fission-equation.md) - [7.2.11 Half Life & Background Radiation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-11-half-life-and-background-radiation.md) - [7.2.12 Measuring Half-Life From a Graph](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-12-measuring-half-life-from-a-graph.md) - [7.2.13 Background Radiation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-13-background-radiation.md) - [7.2.14 Practical Applications of Radiation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-14-practical-applications-of-radiation.md) - [7.2.15 Ions & Ionising Radiation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-15-ions-and-ionising-radiation.md) - [7.2.16 Safety Precautions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-16-safety-precautions.md) - [7.2.17 Peer Review](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-17-peer-review.md) - [7.2.18 End of Topic Test - Radioactivity & Particles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-18-end-of-topic-test-radioactivity-and-particles.md) - [7.2.19 Grade 9 - Radioactivity & Particles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-19-grade-9-radioactivity-and-particles.md) - [7.2.20 Exam-Style Questions - Radioactive Decay](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/7-2-20-exam-style-questions-radioactive-decay.md) ### 8 Astrophysics - 8.1 Motion in the Universe - [8.1.1 The Solar System](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/8-1-1-the-solar-system.md) - [8.1.2 Gravitational Field Strength](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/8-1-2-gravitational-field-strength.md) - [8.1.3 Orbits](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/8-1-3-orbits.md) - [8.1.4 Orbital Motion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/8-1-4-orbital-motion.md) - 8.2 Evolution of Stars - [8.2.1 Life Cycle of a Star like the Sun](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/8-2-1-life-cycle-of-a-star-like-the-sun.md) - [8.2.2 Life Cycle of a Star Much Bigger than the Sun](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/8-2-2-life-cycle-of-a-star-much-bigger-than-the-sun.md) - [8.2.3 Absolute Magnitude](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/8-2-3-absolute-magnitude.md) - [8.2.4 Hertzsprung-Russell Diagrams](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/8-2-4-hertzsprung-russell-diagrams.md) - [8.2.5 Exam-Style Questions - Life Cycle of a Star](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/8-2-5-exam-style-questions-life-cycle-of-a-star.md) - 8.3 Cosmology - [8.3.1 The Big Bang](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/8-3-1-the-big-bang.md) - [8.3.2 Evidence for the Big Bang](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/8-3-2-evidence-for-the-big-bang.md) - [8.3.3 CMB Radiation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/8-3-3-cmb-radiation.md) - [8.3.4 End of Topic Test - Astrophysics](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/physics/edexcel-igcse/higher/8-3-4-end-of-topic-test-astrophysics.md)