Source: https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-3-congruence [Revision notes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes.md) › [IGCSE](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse.md) › [Maths](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths.md) › [Edexcel IGCSE](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse.md) › [Higher](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher.md) › Congruence # Congruence Maths: Edexcel IGCSE Higher, topic 4.2.3 ## Congruence Two shapes are congruent if they are identical. ### Shape and size ![Shape and size](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/ca5b4b3e-7637-430c-b836-d5f891d07533/Congruence%201.jpg) - Two shapes are congruent if they have exactly the same shape and size. ### Orientation ![Orientation](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/528f9f89-034f-4ce6-a28a-c0c45bfd358d/COngruence%202.jpg) - Two shapes can still be congruent if their orientation is different. ## Similar Triangles Two shapes are similar if they have the same shape but not the same size. For triangles, one of the following conditions must hold for the triangles to be similar: ### All angles match ![All angles match](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-03/1b91e4bb-9301-4eb9-9775-642437a66356/Screen%20Shot%202018-03-23%20at%2014.08.10.png) - All angles match up in pairs. ### All sides are proportional ![All sides are proportional](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-03/25584603-7819-4c3e-b16e-680177d10817/Screen%20Shot%202018-03-23%20at%2014.10.52.png) ### Two sides and angle ![Two sides and angle](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-03/d3f2d91f-697b-4e67-8c0e-355ecaa43139/Screen%20Shot%202018-03-23%20at%2014.10.17.png) - Any two sides proportional and the angle between them is the same. ## Test yourself on Congruence - Are the two triangles shown here congruent? - Are the two shapes below congruent? - What do we call two triangles that are the same shape but not the same size? [Practise this topic for free](https://app.senecalearning.com/classroom/course/641a6cb5-729a-404a-aeca-c7040cd18740/section/de7abec1-b663-4256-a07c-17b165f34a4d/session) - Previous topic: [4.2.2 Quadrilaterals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-2-quadrilaterals.md) - Next topic: [4.2.4 Scale Factor](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-4-scale-factor.md) ## Maths: Edexcel IGCSE Higher contents ### 1 Numbers - 1.1 Integers - [1.1.1 Integers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-1-integers.md) - [1.1.2 Ordering Numbers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-2-ordering-numbers.md) - [1.1.3 The Four Rules of Operations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-3-the-four-rules-of-operations.md) - [1.1.4 Hierarchy of Operations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-4-hierarchy-of-operations.md) - [1.1.5 Definitions & Terms](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-5-definitions-and-terms.md) - [1.1.6 HCF & LCM](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-6-hcf-and-lcm.md) - [1.1.7 Standard Form](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-7-standard-form.md) - [1.1.8 Standard Form 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-8-standard-form-2.md) - [1.1.9 Prime Numbers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-9-prime-numbers.md) - [1.1.10 End of Topic Test - Standard Form](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-1-10-end-of-topic-test-standard-form.md) - 1.2 Fractions - [1.2.1 Fractions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-2-1-fractions.md) - [1.2.2 Using Fractions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-2-2-using-fractions.md) - [1.2.3 Conversion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-2-3-conversion.md) - [1.2.4 Reciprocals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-2-4-reciprocals.md) - 1.3 Decimals - [1.3.1 Decimals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-1-decimals.md) - [1.3.2 Decimals 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-2-decimals-2.md) - [1.3.3 Exam-Style Questions - Recurring Decimals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-3-exam-style-questions-recurring-decimals.md) - [1.3.4 Comparing & Converting Decimals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-4-comparing-and-converting-decimals.md) - [1.3.5 End of Topic Test - Fractions & Decimals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-3-5-end-of-topic-test-fractions-and-decimals.md) - 1.4 Powers & Roots - [1.4.1 Square Numbers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-4-1-square-numbers.md) - [1.4.2 Index Notation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-4-2-index-notation.md) - [1.4.3 Exam-Style Questions - Index Notation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-4-3-exam-style-questions-index-notation.md) - [1.4.4 Advanced Indices](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-4-4-advanced-indices.md) - [1.4.5 Surds](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-4-5-surds.md) - [1.4.6 End of Topic Test - Powers & Roots](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-4-6-end-of-topic-test-powers-and-roots.md) - 1.5 Set Language & Notation - [1.5.1 Sets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-5-1-sets.md) - 1.6 Percentages - [1.6.1 Percentages](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-6-1-percentages.md) - [1.6.2 Percentage Change](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-6-2-percentage-change.md) - [1.6.3 Percentages in Finance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-6-3-percentages-in-finance.md) - [1.6.4 Compound Interest](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-6-4-compound-interest.md) - 1.7 Ratio & Proportion - [1.7.1 Manipulating Ratios](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-7-1-manipulating-ratios.md) - [1.7.2 Proportion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-7-2-proportion.md) - 1.8 Degree of Accuracy - [1.8.1 Rounding & Significant Figures](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-8-1-rounding-and-significant-figures.md) - [1.8.2 Estimation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-8-2-estimation.md) - [1.8.3 Upper & Lower Bounds](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-8-3-upper-and-lower-bounds.md) - [1.8.4 Limits of Accuracy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-8-4-limits-of-accuracy.md) - [1.8.5 Limits of Accuracy 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-8-5-limits-of-accuracy-2.md) - [1.8.6 End of Topic Test - Rounding & Estimation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/1-8-6-end-of-topic-test-rounding-and-estimation.md) ### 2 Equations, Formulae & Identities - 2.1 Algebraic Manipulation - [2.1.1 Algebra Basics](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-1-algebra-basics.md) - [2.1.2 Power Rules & Collecting Terms](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-2-power-rules-and-collecting-terms.md) - [2.1.3 Expanding Brackets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-3-expanding-brackets.md) - [2.1.4 Expanding Brackets 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-4-expanding-brackets-2.md) - [2.1.5 Factorising Quadratics](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-5-factorising-quadratics.md) - [2.1.6 Algebraic Fractions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-6-algebraic-fractions.md) - [2.1.7 Proofs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-7-proofs.md) - [2.1.8 End of Topic Test - Algebra & Proofs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-8-end-of-topic-test-algebra-and-proofs.md) - [2.1.9 Exam-Style Questions - Algebraic Proof](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-1-9-exam-style-questions-algebraic-proof.md) - 2.2 Expressions & Formulae - [2.2.1 Rearranging Formulae](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-2-1-rearranging-formulae.md) - [2.2.2 Simple Formulae](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-2-2-simple-formulae.md) - [2.2.3 End of Topic Test - Algebra Manipulation & Formula](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-2-3-end-of-topic-test-algebra-manipulation-and-formula.md) - 2.3 Linear Equations - [2.3.1 Solving Linear Equations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-3-1-solving-linear-equations.md) - [2.3.2 Simultaneous Linear Equations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-3-2-simultaneous-linear-equations.md) - 2.4 Quadratic Equations - [2.4.1 Solving Quadratics](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-1-solving-quadratics.md) - [2.4.2 Solving Quadratics 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-2-solving-quadratics-2.md) - [2.4.3 End of Topic Test - Solving Equations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-3-end-of-topic-test-solving-equations.md) - [2.4.4 Simulateous Quadratic Equations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-4-simulateous-quadratic-equations.md) - [2.4.5 Exam-Style Questions - Simultaneous Equations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-5-exam-style-questions-simultaneous-equations.md) - [2.4.6 Graphs of Simultaneous Equations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-6-graphs-of-simultaneous-equations.md) - [2.4.7 End of Topic Test - Simultaneous Equations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-4-7-end-of-topic-test-simultaneous-equations.md) - 2.5 Proportion - [2.5.1 Graphs & Proportion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-5-1-graphs-and-proportion.md) - 2.6 Inequalities - [2.6.1 Solving Inequalities](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-6-1-solving-inequalities.md) - [2.6.2 Graphs of Inequalities](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-6-2-graphs-of-inequalities.md) - [2.6.3 Exam-Style Questions - Inequalities](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-6-3-exam-style-questions-inequalities.md) - [2.6.4 End of Topic Test - Inequalities](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/2-6-4-end-of-topic-test-inequalities.md) ### 3 Sequences, Functions & Graphs - 3.1 Sequences - [3.1.1 Sequence Rules](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-1-sequence-rules.md) - [3.1.2 Finding Terms](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-2-finding-terms.md) - [3.1.3 Exam-Style Questions - Sequences](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-3-exam-style-questions-sequences.md) - [3.1.4 End of Topic Test - Sequences](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-1-4-end-of-topic-test-sequences.md) - 3.2 Functions - [3.2.1 Functions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-2-1-functions.md) - [3.2.2 Composite & Inverse](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-2-2-composite-and-inverse.md) - [3.2.3 End of Topic Test - Functions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-2-3-end-of-topic-test-functions.md) - 3.3 Graphs - [3.3.1 Plotting Graphs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-1-plotting-graphs.md) - [3.3.2 Straight Line Graphs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-2-straight-line-graphs.md) - [3.3.3 Properties of Graphs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-3-properties-of-graphs.md) - [3.3.4 Quadratic Graphs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-4-quadratic-graphs.md) - [3.3.5 Practical Graphs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-5-practical-graphs.md) - [3.3.6 Graphs of Polynomials](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-6-graphs-of-polynomials.md) - [3.3.7 End of Topic Test Graphs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-3-7-end-of-topic-test-graphs.md) - 3.4 Common Graphs - [3.4.1 Graphs of Common Functions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-4-1-graphs-of-common-functions.md) - [3.4.2 Transformations of Graphs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-4-2-transformations-of-graphs.md) - [3.4.3 End of Topic Test - Transformations and Graph](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-4-3-end-of-topic-test-transformations-and-graph.md) - 3.5 Calculus - [3.5.1 Derivatives of Functions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-5-1-derivatives-of-functions.md) - [3.5.2 Maxima & Minima](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/3-5-2-maxima-and-minima.md) ### 4 Geometry - 4.1 Angles, Lines & Triangles - [4.1.1 Angles & Lines](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-1-angles-and-lines.md) - [4.1.2 Angle Rules](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-2-angle-rules.md) - [4.1.3 Angles in Triangles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-3-angles-in-triangles.md) - [4.1.4 Exam-Style Questions - Angles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-1-4-exam-style-questions-angles.md) - 4.2 Polygons - [4.2.1 Polygons](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-1-polygons.md) - [4.2.2 Quadrilaterals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-2-quadrilaterals.md) - [4.2.3 Congruence](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-3-congruence.md) - [4.2.4 Scale Factor](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-4-scale-factor.md) - [4.2.5 Exam-Style Questions - Enlargements](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-5-exam-style-questions-enlargements.md) - [4.2.6 End of Topic Test - Geometry](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-2-6-end-of-topic-test-geometry.md) - 4.3 Symmetry - [4.3.1 Symmetry](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-1-symmetry.md) - [4.3.2 Exam-Style Questions - Reflection](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-3-2-exam-style-questions-reflection.md) - 4.4 Measures - [4.4.1 Measurements](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-4-1-measurements.md) - [4.4.2 Time](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-4-2-time.md) - [4.4.3 Bearings](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-4-3-bearings.md) - [4.4.4 Speed](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-4-4-speed.md) - 4.5 Circle Properties - [4.5.1 Properties of a Circle](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-5-1-properties-of-a-circle.md) - [4.5.2 Circle Theorems](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-5-2-circle-theorems.md) - [4.5.3 Circle Theorems 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-5-3-circle-theorems-2.md) - [4.5.4 Circle Theorems 3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-5-4-circle-theorems-3.md) - [4.5.5 Exam-Style Questions - Circle Theorems](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-5-5-exam-style-questions-circle-theorems.md) - 4.6 Trigonometry & Pythagoras’ theorem - [4.6.1 Pythagoras' Theorem](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-6-1-pythagoras-theorem.md) - [4.6.2 Trigonometry](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-6-2-trigonometry.md) - [4.6.3 Sine & Cosine for Obtuse Angles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-6-3-sine-and-cosine-for-obtuse-angles.md) - [4.6.4 Triangle Formulae](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-6-4-triangle-formulae.md) - [4.6.5 Exam-Style Questions - Trigonometry & Area](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-6-5-exam-style-questions-trigonometry-and-area.md) - 4.7 Mensuration of 2D Shapes - [4.7.1 Standard Units](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-7-1-standard-units.md) - [4.7.2 Perimeter of 2D Shapes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-7-2-perimeter-of-2d-shapes.md) - [4.7.3 Area of 2D Shapes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-7-3-area-of-2d-shapes.md) - [4.7.4 Area & Circumference of Circle](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-7-4-area-and-circumference-of-circle.md) - [4.7.5 End of Topic Test - Trigonometry & Shapes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-7-5-end-of-topic-test-trigonometry-and-shapes.md) - 4.8 3D Shapes & Volume - [4.8.1 3D Shapes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-8-1-3d-shapes.md) - [4.8.2 Surface Area](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-8-2-surface-area.md) - [4.8.3 Volume](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-8-3-volume.md) - [4.8.4 Exam-Style Questions - Volume](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/4-8-4-exam-style-questions-volume.md) ### 5 Vectors & Transformation Geometry - 5.1 Vectors - [5.1.1 Vectors](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-1-1-vectors.md) - [5.1.2 Vectors 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-1-2-vectors-2.md) - [5.1.3 Exam-Style Questions - Vectors](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-1-3-exam-style-questions-vectors.md) - 5.2 Transformation Geometry - [5.2.1 Transformations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-2-1-transformations.md) - [5.2.2 Rotations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-2-2-rotations.md) - [5.2.3 Translations & Reflections](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-2-3-translations-and-reflections.md) - [5.2.4 Enlargements](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-2-4-enlargements.md) - [5.2.5 Effects of Transformations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/5-2-5-effects-of-transformations.md) ### 6 Statistics & Probability - 6.1 Statistical Measures - [6.1.1 Basic Statistics](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-1-1-basic-statistics.md) - [6.1.2 Frequency Table](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-1-2-frequency-table.md) - 6.2 Graphical Representation of Data - [6.2.1 Pictograms, Bar Charts & Pie Charts](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-1-pictograms-bar-charts-and-pie-charts.md) - [6.2.2 Histograms](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-2-histograms.md) - [6.2.3 Cumulative Frequency](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-3-cumulative-frequency.md) - [6.2.4 Cumulative Frequency 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-4-cumulative-frequency-2.md) - [6.2.5 Exam-Style Questions - Cumulative Frequency](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-5-exam-style-questions-cumulative-frequency.md) - [6.2.6 End of Topic - Datasets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-2-6-end-of-topic-datasets.md) - 6.3 Probability - [6.3.1 Probability](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-3-1-probability.md) - [6.3.2 Theoretical Probability](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-3-2-theoretical-probability.md) - [6.3.3 Experimental Probability](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-3-3-experimental-probability.md) - [6.3.4 Venn Diagrams](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-3-4-venn-diagrams.md) - [6.3.5 Sample Space Diagrams](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-3-5-sample-space-diagrams.md) - [6.3.6 Tree Diagrams](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-3-6-tree-diagrams.md) - [6.3.7 Independent Events](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-3-7-independent-events.md) - [6.3.8 Conditional Probability](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-3-8-conditional-probability.md) - [6.3.9 End of Topic Test - Probability](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-3-9-end-of-topic-test-probability.md) - [6.3.10 Exam-Style Questions - Probability](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/igcse/maths/edexcel-igcse/higher/6-3-10-exam-style-questions-probability.md)