Source: https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-3-6-eucharist

[Revision notes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes.md) › [GCSE](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse.md) › [Religious Studies](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies.md) › [AQA](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa.md) › Eucharist

# Eucharist

Religious Studies A: AQA GCSE Religions, topic 2.3.6

## The Eucharist

Most Christians consider the Eucharist to be a sacrament, a special means of receiving God’s grace instituted by Jesus. It has various names among different Christian Churches, including the Eucharist, Holy Communion, the Divine Liturgy (in some Orthodox Churches), and the Mass.

### Origins

![Origins](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-04/4dba369b-4be2-4106-adf6-56ee4dbd2a43/shutterstock_576355036.jpg)

- The Last Supper is the origin of the Christian celebration of the Eucharist, which the early Church celebrated as ‘the breaking of bread’ (Acts 2:42).
 - At the Last Supper Jesus took bread and wine, blessed them, shared them with his disciples saying that they should do the same in his memory (Luke 22:19).
- The word Eucharist comes from the Greek and means ‘thanksgiving’ because the Gospels record that Jesus ‘gave thanks’ at the Last Supper.

### Sunday

![Sunday](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-04/61867142-b5d4-4010-b661-337411e7041b/shutterstock_367109999.jpg)

- Over time this celebration was particularly associated with ‘the Lord’s Day’, Sunday, the day set aside for Christians to unite in celebration of Jesus’ resurrection.
- Today, some Churches only celebrate the Eucharist on a Sunday, but Catholic parishes, for example, celebrate the Mass almost every day.
- For the Christian Churches that celebrate the Eucharist, it has become the principal weekly gathering of the Church community.

### Components

![Components](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-04/d58788ed-986f-4001-8e4c-ac2e2aee06ab/shutterstock_268247162.jpg)

- Over the centuries, the way in which the Eucharist is celebrated has changed and has become more elaborate in many circles.
- The celebration can often include hymns and processions, and a rite of penance.
- Usually, they will include prayers, as well as readings from and reflections on the Bible.

### Communion

![Communion](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-04/481f4ce2-caa7-4c45-a02a-df47c448a27b/shutterstock_600525530.jpg)

- The central element is when the priest or minister takes the bread and wine and blesses it with the words spoken by Jesus at The Last Supper.
- Usually, all the Christians present will receive the bread and wine in an act called communion, because it unites the people with Christ and with each other.

## Differing Beliefs Around the Eucharist

Different Churches within Christianity have differing beliefs about the Eucharist and what it resembles, particularly with regard to the Real Presence and Mass.

### The Real Presence

![The Real Presence](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-04/22f8f2eb-51d9-4940-b8fe-56f70798a3e5/shutterstock_585361823.jpg)

- In the Catholic Church, there is the belief that the bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ, the Real Presence, in a miracle called ‘transubstantiation’.
- The Real Presence is also accepted by the Orthodox Churches, though they do not refer to the miracle as ‘transubstantiation’.
- Protestant Churches reject belief in the Real Presence and believe that the bread and wine represent or symbolise the presence of Christ.

### Mass

![Mass](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-04/a0f36c98-e12a-4f9e-85f7-54452503cfcd/shutterstock_722119933.jpg)

- Catholics and Orthodox Christians also refer to the Eucharist as the Sacrifice of the Mass, believing that the Mass is a renewal of the sacrifice of Jesus on the cross.
- This was also rejected by Protestants who teach that Jesus’ sacrifice on the cross was a single saving event that cannot be repeated and does not need to be repeated.

### Sharing between Churches

![Sharing between Churches](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2025-08/65462d97-0977-42b8-9ea9-bab4e08d8d1b/b5c09422-36c9-4104-a6d6-5f186a64c78d.png)

- Due to these different beliefs, not all Christian Churches share communion with all fellow Christians. 
 - Catholics, for example, do not give communion to Protestants who do not believe in the Real Presence as Catholic theology argues that sharing in communion should be a sign of a shared belief.
 - Many Protestant Churches believe Jesus intended his followers to share communion as a way of uniting them.

### Ceremonies

![Ceremonies](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-04/5ce0a99d-fd35-478f-9f14-8bf3999f1a67/shutterstock_596575991.jpg)

- Because of these different interpretations, the Eucharist is sometimes celebrated with great reverence and ceremony, and sometimes just as a simple re-enactment of the ‘Lord’s Supper’ with minimal ceremony.
- Some Christians, such as the Quakers, do not perform sacramental ceremonies such as the Eucharist, believing that the sacraments are an inward spiritual experience.

## Test yourself on Eucharist

- Which of the following is NOT a name used for the Eucharist?
- What is the central part of the Eucharist?
- The Catholic Church believes that during the Eucharist, the bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ. What's this miracle called?
- Which Christian Church does not perform sacramental ceremonies (such as the Eucharist) because they believe that the sacraments are an inward spiritual experience?

[Practise this topic for free](https://app.senecalearning.com/classroom/course/0daf5430-3329-11e8-ac6b-311801e0fd28/section/c1062d80-4312-11e8-b790-834e76a8884a/session)

- Previous topic: [2.3.5 Other Sacraments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-3-5-other-sacraments.md)
- Next topic: [2.3.7 Pilgrimage & Celebrations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-3-7-pilgrimage-and-celebrations.md)

## Religious Studies A: AQA GCSE Religions contents

### 1 Buddhism
- 1.1 Key Beliefs
  - [1.1.1 The Dhamma](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-1-1-the-dhamma.md)
  - [1.1.2 The Five Skandhas](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-1-2-the-five-skandhas.md)
  - [1.1.3 Aspects of Human Life](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-1-3-aspects-of-human-life.md)
  - [1.1.4 The Buddha](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-1-4-the-buddha.md)
  - [1.1.5 The Ascetic & Enlightened Life](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-1-5-the-ascetic-and-enlightened-life.md)
  - [1.1.6 Dhukka](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-1-6-dhukka.md)
  - [1.1.7 Samudaya](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-1-7-samudaya.md)
  - [1.1.8 Nirodha](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-1-8-nirodha.md)
  - [1.1.9 Magga](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-1-9-magga.md)
  - [1.1.10 The Wheel of Life](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-1-10-the-wheel-of-life.md)
  - [1.1.11 End of Topic Test - Buddhism Key Beliefs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-1-11-end-of-topic-test-buddhism-key-beliefs.md)
- 1.2 Practices
  - [1.2.1 Places of Worship](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-2-1-places-of-worship.md)
  - [1.2.2 Objects of Worship](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-2-2-objects-of-worship.md)
  - [1.2.3 Puja](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-2-3-puja.md)
  - [1.2.4 Meditation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-2-4-meditation.md)
  - [1.2.5 Death](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-2-5-death.md)
  - [1.2.6 Festivals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-2-6-festivals.md)
  - [1.2.7 End of Topic Test - Buddhism Practices](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-2-7-end-of-topic-test-buddhism-practices.md)
- 1.3 Ethics
  - [1.3.1 Kamma](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-3-1-kamma.md)
  - [1.3.2 Five Moral Precepts](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-3-2-five-moral-precepts.md)
  - [1.3.3 End of Topic Test - Buddhism Ethics](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/1-3-3-end-of-topic-test-buddhism-ethics.md)

### 2 Christianity
- 2.1 Key Beliefs
  - [2.1.1 The Nature of God](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-1-1-the-nature-of-god.md)
  - [2.1.2 The Problem of Evil](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-1-2-the-problem-of-evil.md)
  - [2.1.3 Monotheism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-1-3-monotheism.md)
  - [2.1.4 Creation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-1-4-creation.md)
  - [2.1.5 Bible Accounts of Creation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-1-5-bible-accounts-of-creation.md)
  - [2.1.6 The Trinity and Creation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-1-6-the-trinity-and-creation.md)
  - [2.1.7 Afterlife](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-1-7-afterlife.md)
  - [2.1.8 Heaven and Hell](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-1-8-heaven-and-hell.md)
  - [2.1.9 The Influence of Afterlife on Life](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-1-9-the-influence-of-afterlife-on-life.md)
  - [2.1.10 End of Topic Test - Christianity Key Beliefs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-1-10-end-of-topic-test-christianity-key-beliefs.md)
  - [2.1.11 Exam-Style Questions - Christian Beliefs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-1-11-exam-style-questions-christian-beliefs.md)
- 2.2 Jesus Christ & Salvation
  - [2.2.1 The Incarnation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-1-the-incarnation.md)
  - [2.2.2 Jesus - Divine & Human](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-2-jesus-divine-and-human.md)
  - [2.2.3 The Crucifixion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-3-the-crucifixion.md)
  - [2.2.4 Jesus' Betrayal](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-4-jesus-betrayal.md)
  - [2.2.5 Resurrection & Ascension](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-5-resurrection-and-ascension.md)
  - [2.2.6 Sin](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-6-sin.md)
  - [2.2.7 Original Sin](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-7-original-sin.md)
  - [2.2.8 Punishment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-8-punishment.md)
  - [2.2.9 The Means of Salvation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-9-the-means-of-salvation.md)
  - [2.2.10 Achieving Salvation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-10-achieving-salvation.md)
  - [2.2.11 Disagreements About Salvation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-11-disagreements-about-salvation.md)
  - [2.2.12 The Role of Christ in Salvation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-12-the-role-of-christ-in-salvation.md)
  - [2.2.13 Theories of Salvation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-13-theories-of-salvation.md)
  - [2.2.14 End of Topic Test - Jesus Christ & Salvation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-2-14-end-of-topic-test-jesus-christ-and-salvation.md)
- 2.3 Worship & Festivals
  - [2.3.1 Different Forms of Worship](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-3-1-different-forms-of-worship.md)
  - [2.3.2 Prayer](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-3-2-prayer.md)
  - [2.3.3 Sacrament](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-3-3-sacrament.md)
  - [2.3.4 Baptism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-3-4-baptism.md)
  - [2.3.5 Other Sacraments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-3-5-other-sacraments.md)
  - [2.3.6 Eucharist](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-3-6-eucharist.md)
  - [2.3.7 Pilgrimage & Celebrations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-3-7-pilgrimage-and-celebrations.md)
  - [2.3.8 Christmas & Easter](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-3-8-christmas-and-easter.md)
  - [2.3.9 End of Topic Test - Worship and Festivals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-3-9-end-of-topic-test-worship-and-festivals.md)
- 2.4 Community
  - [2.4.1 Local Community](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-4-1-local-community.md)
  - [2.4.2 Mission, Evangelism & Church Growth](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-4-2-mission-evangelism-and-church-growth.md)
  - [2.4.3 Worldwide Church](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-4-3-worldwide-church.md)
  - [2.4.4 Reconciliation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-4-4-reconciliation.md)
  - [2.4.5 Persecution](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-4-5-persecution.md)
  - [2.4.6 Caring for Those in Need](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-4-6-caring-for-those-in-need.md)
  - [2.4.7 End of Topic Test - Community](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-4-7-end-of-topic-test-community.md)
  - [2.4.8 Exam-Style Questions - Christian Practices](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/2-4-8-exam-style-questions-christian-practices.md)

### 3 Catholicism (Christianity)
- 3.1 Key Beliefs
  - [3.1.1 The Trinity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-1-1-the-trinity.md)
  - [3.1.2 Creation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-1-2-creation.md)
  - [3.1.3 Incarnation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-1-3-incarnation.md)
  - [3.1.4 Redemption](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-1-4-redemption.md)
  - [3.1.5 Life After Death](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-1-5-life-after-death.md)
  - [3.1.6 Heaven and Hell](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-1-6-heaven-and-hell.md)
  - [3.1.7 End of Topic Test - Catholic Key Beliefs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-1-7-end-of-topic-test-catholic-key-beliefs.md)
- 3.2 The Seven Sacraments
  - [3.2.1 Meaning & Significance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-2-1-meaning-and-significance.md)
  - [3.2.2 Baptism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-2-2-baptism.md)
  - [3.2.3 Confirmation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-2-3-confirmation.md)
  - [3.2.4 Reconciliation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-2-4-reconciliation.md)
  - [3.2.5 Anointing of the Sick](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-2-5-anointing-of-the-sick.md)
  - [3.2.6 Marriage](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-2-6-marriage.md)
  - [3.2.7 Holy Orders](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-2-7-holy-orders.md)
  - [3.2.8 The Eucharist](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-2-8-the-eucharist.md)
  - [3.2.9 End of Topic Test - The Seven Sacraments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-2-9-end-of-topic-test-the-seven-sacraments.md)
- 3.3 Practices
  - [3.3.1 Prayer](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-3-1-prayer.md)
  - [3.3.2 Popular Piety](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-3-2-popular-piety.md)
  - [3.3.3 Pilgrimage](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-3-3-pilgrimage.md)
  - [3.3.4 Pilgrimages HyperLearning](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-3-4-pilgrimages-hyperlearning.md)
  - [3.3.5 Funeral Rites](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-3-5-funeral-rites.md)
  - [3.3.6 The Duty to Love Our Neighbour](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-3-6-the-duty-to-love-our-neighbour.md)
  - [3.3.7 Catholic Agencies](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-3-7-catholic-agencies.md)
  - [3.3.8 Catholic Social Teaching](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-3-8-catholic-social-teaching.md)
  - [3.3.9 Justice](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-3-9-justice.md)
  - [3.3.10 War](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-3-10-war.md)
  - [3.3.11 Mission & Evangelism](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-3-11-mission-and-evangelism.md)
  - [3.3.12 End of Topic Test - Catholic Practices](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/3-3-12-end-of-topic-test-catholic-practices.md)

### 4 Islam
- 4.1 Key Beliefs
  - [4.1.1 Oneness of God](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-1-1-oneness-of-god.md)
  - [4.1.2 Six Articles of Faith](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-1-2-six-articles-of-faith.md)
  - [4.1.3 Five Roots of Usul](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-1-3-five-roots-of-usul.md)
  - [4.1.4 The Nature of God](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-1-4-the-nature-of-god.md)
  - [4.1.5 Angels](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-1-5-angels.md)
  - [4.1.6 Freedom](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-1-6-freedom.md)
  - [4.1.7 Life After Death](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-1-7-life-after-death.md)
  - [4.1.8 Human Responsibility](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-1-8-human-responsibility.md)
  - [4.1.9 End of Topic Test - Muslim Key Beliefs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-1-9-end-of-topic-test-muslim-key-beliefs.md)
- 4.2 Authority
  - [4.2.1 Prophethood](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-2-1-prophethood.md)
  - [4.2.2 The Holy Books](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-2-2-the-holy-books.md)
  - [4.2.3 The Imamate](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-2-3-the-imamate.md)
  - [4.2.4 End of Topic Test - Muslim Authority](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-2-4-end-of-topic-test-muslim-authority.md)
- 4.3 Practices
  - [4.3.1 Worship](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-3-1-worship.md)
  - [4.3.2 Ten Obligatory Acts](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-3-2-ten-obligatory-acts.md)
  - [4.3.3 Shahadah](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-3-3-shahadah.md)
  - [4.3.4 Salah & Its Significance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-3-4-salah-and-its-significance.md)
  - [4.3.5 Mosques](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-3-5-mosques.md)
  - [4.3.6 Rak'ahs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-3-6-rakahs.md)
  - [4.3.7 Sawm](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-3-7-sawm.md)
  - [4.3.8 Zakah](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-3-8-zakah.md)
  - [4.3.9 Hajj](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-3-9-hajj.md)
  - [4.3.10 Jihad](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-3-10-jihad.md)
  - [4.3.11 Festivals & Commemorations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-3-11-festivals-and-commemorations.md)
  - [4.3.12 End of Topic Test - Muslim Practices](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-3-12-end-of-topic-test-muslim-practices.md)
  - [4.3.13 Exam-Style Questions - Muslim Practices](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/4-3-13-exam-style-questions-muslim-practices.md)

### 5 Judaism
- 5.1 Key Beliefs
  - [5.1.1 The Nature of God](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-1-1-the-nature-of-god.md)
  - [5.1.2 God as One](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-1-2-god-as-one.md)
  - [5.1.3 God's Name](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-1-3-gods-name.md)
  - [5.1.4 God as Creator](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-1-4-god-as-creator.md)
  - [5.1.5 Free Will](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-1-5-free-will.md)
  - [5.1.6 God as Law Giver and Judge](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-1-6-god-as-law-giver-and-judge.md)
  - [5.1.7 The Divine Presence & Beliefs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-1-7-the-divine-presence-and-beliefs.md)
  - [5.1.8 Role of the Messiah](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-1-8-role-of-the-messiah.md)
  - [5.1.9 End of Topic Test - Jewish Key Beliefs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-1-9-end-of-topic-test-jewish-key-beliefs.md)
  - [5.1.10 Exam-Style Questions - Jewish Beliefs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-1-10-exam-style-questions-jewish-beliefs.md)
- 5.2 Covenant & The Mitzvot
  - [5.2.1 The Promised Land](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-2-1-the-promised-land.md)
  - [5.2.2 Abraham](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-2-2-abraham.md)
  - [5.2.3 The Covenant](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-2-3-the-covenant.md)
  - [5.2.4 The Covenant at Sinai](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-2-4-the-covenant-at-sinai.md)
  - [5.2.5 The Covenant at Sinai 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-2-5-the-covenant-at-sinai-2.md)
  - [5.2.6 Key Moral Principles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-2-6-key-moral-principles.md)
  - [5.2.7 End of Topic Test - Covenant & The Mitzvot](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-2-7-end-of-topic-test-covenant-and-the-mitzvot.md)
- 5.3 The Synagogue & Worship
  - [5.3.1 The Synagogue & Its Importance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-3-1-the-synagogue-and-its-importance.md)
  - [5.3.2 Public Acts of Worship](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-3-2-public-acts-of-worship.md)
  - [5.3.3 Shabbat](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-3-3-shabbat.md)
  - [5.3.4 Worship & Law](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-3-4-worship-and-law.md)
  - [5.3.5 End of Topic Test - Synagogue & Worship](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/religious-studies/aqa/5-3-5-end-of-topic-test-synagogue-and-worship.md)