Source: https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/2-1-2-acts-1-3

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# Acts 1 - 3

English Lit: AQA GCSE Much Ado About Nothing, topic 2.1.2

## Act 1: Exposition

Act 1 provides background information for the audience, establishing a sense of setting and character relationships.

### Claudio and Hero

![Claudio and Hero](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/3835dcbe-f440-4d87-affc-e26d6550f521/love-couple-kiss-.jpg)

- The audience are introduced to the patriarchal society of Messina.
- We learn of Claudio’s love for Hero. 
- This is what the play’s main plot is centred around.

### Benedick and Beatrice

![Benedick and Beatrice](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/c34f7639-27f0-4868-ba98-7d6c246f0dd1/couple-argue-divorce.jpg)

- We are also introduced to the __“merry war of words”__ between Benedick and Beatrice.
  - __“You always end with a jade’s trick: I know you of old”.__ 
- Prior to the commencing of Don Pedro’s plot to trick Benedick and Beatrice into falling in love with one another, the audience are given several hints of a past relationship between the two. 
- This helps add plausibility and sincerity to their feelings when they are tricked in Act 2, Scene 3 and Act 3, Scene 1.

### Don John

![Don John](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-07/3a28fe91-7b61-4b9e-a6e9-07ac52527315/Good-Evil-Tattoo-Hand-Fingers.jpg)

- Act 1, Scene 3 also reveals Don John’s villainous character as he tells his henchmen Conrade and Borachio __“I am a plain-dealing villain.”__
- Being aware of his Machiavellian nature establishes dramatic irony for the audience from this point onwards.

### Machiavellian villains

![Machiavellian villains](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/c7b2bb77-284b-4afa-a02f-0bb3dcc59397/schizophrenia-duality-good-bad-evil-.jpg)

- Machiavellian villains are cunning and deceitful.
- These characters present themselves very differently in private than when in public company. 
- Only the audience and sometimes their closest allies are aware of their true characteristics.

## Act 2: Rising Action

Plot obstacles affecting the protagonists are introduced.

### Claudio and Hero

![Claudio and Hero](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/24113e5c-ace1-4e49-a776-ea09d223ddbc/wedding-vows.jpg)

- Don John first suggests to Claudio that Don Pedro has wooed Hero for himself, rather than on Claudio’s behalf. 
- Whilst the deception initially works, it is quickly resolved at the end of Act 2, Scene 1 and Claudio and Hero are to be married.

### Don John

![Don John](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-03/76d289c8-59e4-4eca-85c6-aae572c2bd32/shutterstock_126066824.jpg)

- Aided by Borachio, who plans to take advantage of his relationship with Margaret, Don John plots to ruin the engagement of Claudio and Hero.

### Benedick and Beatrice

![Benedick and Beatrice](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-12/8fdb1b47-979a-4b8c-8a19-739595bd2829/wedding-couple-love-black-white-wedding-marry-ring-.jpg)

- Having successfully ensured the engagement of Claudio and Hero, Don Pedro suggests that he and the others should see if they can make Benedick and Beatrice fall in love, too.

## Act 3: Climax

The turning point – for better or worse – in the protagonist’s affairs.

### Comedy and tragedy

![Comedy and tragedy](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-03/d0d709ce-ae41-4f74-9845-305aa3d8d9a5/shutterstock_247369855.jpg)

- Here is where the two romantic plots diverge into comedy (Benedick and Beatrice) and tragedy (Claudio and Hero).

### Act 3, Scene 1

![Act 3, Scene 1](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/3835dcbe-f440-4d87-affc-e26d6550f521/love-couple-kiss-.jpg)

- In Act 3, Scene 1, the audience witness the climax of Don Pedro’s plot to trick Benedick and Beatrice as she vows to requite Benedick’s love, echoing his resolution at the end of Act 2, Scene 3.

### Don John's villainy

![Don John's villainy](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-04/2a7e997d-f7a8-46ca-9c91-b166b34330ea/shutterstock_133378736.jpg)

- Don John informs Claudio and Don Pedro that he has ‘proof’ of Hero’s infidelity (unfaithfulness).
- The Messinian Watch uncover the truth of Don John and Borachio’s villainy although Dogberry fails to make Leonato aware of this as he departs to give Hero away at the wedding.

## Test yourself on Acts 1 - 3

- Where is _Much Ado About Nothing_ set?
- Who is the villain in _Much Ado About Nothing_?
- Which character plots to ruin the engagement of Claudio and Hero?
- Which couple does Don Pedro plan to make fall in love with each other, without their knowledge?
- In Act 3, Scene 1, the audience witnesses the climax of whose plot to trick Benedick and Beatrice into falling in love?

[Practise this topic for free](https://app.senecalearning.com/classroom/course/be0e71b0-7b1f-4788-975c-75acc073d9ad/section/0e30c67b-7dbd-42a0-bf2c-6bc1d1a714f4/session)

- Previous topic: [2.1.1 Structure](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/2-1-1-structure.md)
- Next topic: [2.1.3 Acts 4 - 5](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/2-1-3-acts-4-5.md)

## English Lit: AQA GCSE Much Ado About Nothing contents

### 1 Key Terminology
- 1.1 Key Terminology
  - [1.1.1 Key Terminology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/1-1-1-key-terminology.md)
  - [1.1.2 End of Topic Test - Key Terminology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/1-1-2-end-of-topic-test-key-terminology.md)

### 2 Structure & Form
- 2.1 Structure
  - [2.1.1 Structure](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/2-1-1-structure.md)
  - [2.1.2 Acts 1 - 3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/2-1-2-acts-1-3.md)
  - [2.1.3 Acts 4 - 5](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/2-1-3-acts-4-5.md)
- 2.2 Form
  - [2.2.1 Tragicomedy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/2-2-1-tragicomedy.md)
  - [2.2.2 End of Topic Test - Structure & Form](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/2-2-2-end-of-topic-test-structure-and-form.md)

### 3 Act 1: Plot Summary
- 3.1 Act 1, Scene 1
  - [3.1.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/3-1-1-summary.md)
  - [3.1.2 Key Lines](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/3-1-2-key-lines.md)
  - [3.1.3 Key Lines 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/3-1-3-key-lines-2.md)
  - [3.1.4 End of Topic Test - Act 1, Scene 1](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/3-1-4-end-of-topic-test-act-1-scene-1.md)
- 3.2 Act 1, Scene 2
  - [3.2.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/3-2-1-summary.md)
  - [3.2.2 Key Lines](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/3-2-2-key-lines.md)
- 3.3 Act 1, Scene 3
  - [3.3.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/3-3-1-summary.md)
  - [3.3.2 Key Lines](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/3-3-2-key-lines.md)
  - [3.3.3 End of Topic Test - Act 1, Scenes 2-3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/3-3-3-end-of-topic-test-act-1-scenes-2-3.md)

### 4 Act 2: Plot Summary
- 4.1 Act 2, Scene 1
  - [4.1.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/4-1-1-summary.md)
  - [4.1.2 Key Lines](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/4-1-2-key-lines.md)
  - [4.1.3 Key Lines 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/4-1-3-key-lines-2.md)
  - [4.1.4 Key Lines 3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/4-1-4-key-lines-3.md)
  - [4.1.5 End of Topic Test - Act 2, Scene 1](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/4-1-5-end-of-topic-test-act-2-scene-1.md)
- 4.2 Act 2, Scene 2
  - [4.2.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/4-2-1-summary.md)
- 4.3 Act 2, Scene 3
  - [4.3.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/4-3-1-summary.md)
  - [4.3.2 Key Lines](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/4-3-2-key-lines.md)
  - [4.3.3 Key Lines 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/4-3-3-key-lines-2.md)
  - [4.3.4 End of Topic Test - Act 2, Scenes 2-3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/4-3-4-end-of-topic-test-act-2-scenes-2-3.md)

### 5 Act 3: Plot Summary
- 5.1 Act 3, Scene 1
  - [5.1.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/5-1-1-summary.md)
  - [5.1.2 Key Lines](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/5-1-2-key-lines.md)
- 5.2 Act 3, Scene 2
  - [5.2.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/5-2-1-summary.md)
  - [5.2.2 Key Lines](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/5-2-2-key-lines.md)
- 5.3 Act 3, Scene 3
  - [5.3.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/5-3-1-summary.md)
- 5.4 Act 3, Scene 4
  - [5.4.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/5-4-1-summary.md)
- 5.5 Act 3, Scene 5
  - [5.5.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/5-5-1-summary.md)
  - [5.5.2 End of Topic Test - Act 3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/5-5-2-end-of-topic-test-act-3.md)

### 6 Act 4: Plot Summary
- 6.1 Act 4, Scene 1 (Part 1)
  - [6.1.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/6-1-1-summary.md)
  - [6.1.2 Key Lines](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/6-1-2-key-lines.md)
  - [6.1.3 Key Lines 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/6-1-3-key-lines-2.md)
- 6.2 Act 4, Scene 1 (Part 2)
  - [6.2.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/6-2-1-summary.md)
  - [6.2.2 Key Lines](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/6-2-2-key-lines.md)
  - [6.2.3 Key Lines 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/6-2-3-key-lines-2.md)
- 6.3 Act 4, Scene 2
  - [6.3.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/6-3-1-summary.md)
  - [6.3.2 End of Topic Test - Act 4](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/6-3-2-end-of-topic-test-act-4.md)

### 7 Act 5: Plot Summary
- 7.1 Act 5, Scene 1
  - [7.1.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/7-1-1-summary.md)
- 7.2 Act 5, Scene 2
  - [7.2.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/7-2-1-summary.md)
  - [7.2.2 Key Lines](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/7-2-2-key-lines.md)
- 7.3 Act 5, Scene 3
  - [7.3.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/7-3-1-summary.md)
- 7.4 Act 5, Scene 4
  - [7.4.1 Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/7-4-1-summary.md)
  - [7.4.2 End of Topic Test - Act 5](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/7-4-2-end-of-topic-test-act-5.md)

### 8 Key Themes
- 8.1 Key Themes
  - [8.1.1 Love & Marriage](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/8-1-1-love-and-marriage.md)
  - [8.1.2 Deception, Appearances & Noting](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/8-1-2-deception-appearances-and-noting.md)
  - [8.1.3 Gender](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/8-1-3-gender.md)
  - [8.1.4 Reputation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/8-1-4-reputation.md)
  - [8.1.5 End of Topic Test - Key Themes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/8-1-5-end-of-topic-test-key-themes.md)

### 9 Recap: Main Quotes
- 9.1 Characters Quotes
  - [9.1.1 Beatrice](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-1-beatrice.md)
  - [9.1.2 Beatrice 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-2-beatrice-2.md)
  - [9.1.3 Benedick 1](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-3-benedick-1.md)
  - [9.1.4 Benedick 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-4-benedick-2.md)
  - [9.1.5 Benedick 3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-5-benedick-3.md)
  - [9.1.6 Benedick 4](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-6-benedick-4.md)
  - [9.1.7 Benedick 5](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-7-benedick-5.md)
  - [9.1.8 Beatrice & Benedick](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-8-beatrice-and-benedick.md)
  - [9.1.9 Beatrice & Benedick 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-9-beatrice-and-benedick-2.md)
  - [9.1.10 Beatrice & Benedick 3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-10-beatrice-and-benedick-3.md)
  - [9.1.11 Claudio](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-11-claudio.md)
  - [9.1.12 Claudio 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-12-claudio-2.md)
  - [9.1.13 Claudio & Benedick](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-13-claudio-and-benedick.md)
  - [9.1.14 Don John](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-14-don-john.md)
  - [9.1.15 Don John 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-15-don-john-2.md)
  - [9.1.16 Don Pedro](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-16-don-pedro.md)
  - [9.1.17 Hero](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-17-hero.md)
  - [9.1.18 Leonato](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-18-leonato.md)
  - [9.1.19 Leonato & Messanger](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-1-19-leonato-and-messanger.md)
- 9.2 Text Structure - Quotes
  - [9.2.1 Deception, Appearances & Noting](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-2-1-deception-appearances-and-noting.md)
  - [9.2.2 Gender](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-2-2-gender.md)
  - [9.2.3 Reputation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/english-literature/aqa/much-ado-about-nothing/9-2-3-reputation.md)