Source: https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/2-1-2-strings

[Revision notes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes.md) › [GCSE](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse.md) › [Coding](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding.md) › [National Curriculum](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum.md) › Strings

# Strings

Coding: Introduction to Python v3, topic 2.1.2

## Strings

Strings are a special case of an array or list, where each element is a character. There are many methods we can apply to them:

### Concatenation

![Concatenation](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/c7c2a77c-8f38-450a-a083-bbfd3f6801d4/plus-sign-add-.png)

- Concatenation is joining two strings together.
- This can be done with the + sign. E.g:
 - "Hello " + "World" = "Hello World".

### Accessing a character

![Accessing a character](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/8825925c-709f-415f-b053-5473ac469099/positive-letters-2355685_1920.jpg)

- Remember, strings are just lists. So we can access a specific character in the exact same way as we access a list element:
 - string[3] would get the fourth character.

### Length of a string

![Length of a string](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/d02fc304-19d2-4611-a75e-08d788b5e2cd/letters-656514_960_720.png)

- The length of a string is given by the len function:
 - len("Hello") would give 5.

### Substrings

![Substrings](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-07/e12c850d-b9d5-4d02-b2a2-748988ccce22/Puppet-Control-String-Wood.jpg)

- A substring is a part of a longer string.
- In Python we take a substring using:
 - stringname[startPos:endPos]
- This takes a substring starting at the 'startPos'th character, and finishing at the 'endPos'th character.

## Test yourself on Strings

- What is concatenation?

[Practise this topic for free](https://app.senecalearning.com/classroom/course/72d0364c-db0a-4630-8e0a-61f48cae0252/section/bd3bd4dc-da70-4d89-8d33-2f180f1bd809/session)

- Previous topic: [2.1.1 Lists](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/2-1-1-lists.md)
- Next topic: [2.2.1 File Handling](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/2-2-1-file-handling.md)

## Coding: Introduction to Python v3 contents

### 1 Introduction to Python
- 1.1 Python
  - [1.1.1 Python](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/1-1-1-python.md)
- 1.2 Input & Output
  - [1.2.1 Input & Output](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/1-2-1-input-and-output.md)
- 1.3 Data Types
  - [1.3.1 Data Types](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/1-3-1-data-types.md)
- 1.4 Variables & Constants
  - [1.4.1 Variables & Constants](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/1-4-1-variables-and-constants.md)
- 1.5 Operators
  - [1.5.1 Arithmetic & Relational Operators](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/1-5-1-arithmetic-and-relational-operators.md)
  - [1.5.2 Boolean & Assignment Operators 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/1-5-2-boolean-and-assignment-operators-2.md)
- 1.6 Program Flow
  - [1.6.1 Selection](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/1-6-1-selection.md)
  - [1.6.2 Iteration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/1-6-2-iteration.md)

### 2 Data Structures
- 2.1 Lists & Strings
  - [2.1.1 Lists](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/2-1-1-lists.md)
  - [2.1.2 Strings](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/2-1-2-strings.md)
- 2.2 File Handling
  - [2.2.1 File Handling](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/2-2-1-file-handling.md)

### 3 Modularity
- 3.1 Subroutines
  - [3.1.1 Subroutines](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/3-1-1-subroutines.md)
- 3.2 Data Flow
  - [3.2.1 Data Flow](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/3-2-1-data-flow.md)

### 4 Good Practice
- 4.1 Naming & Whitespace
  - [4.1.1 Identifiers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/4-1-1-identifiers.md)
  - [4.1.2 Whitespace](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/4-1-2-whitespace.md)
- 4.2 Comments
  - [4.2.1 Comments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/4-2-1-comments.md)
- 4.3 Exceptions
  - [4.3.1 Exceptions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/gcse/coding/national-curriculum/4-3-1-exceptions.md)