Source: https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-2-1-porters-five-forces [Revision notes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes.md) › [A Level](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level.md) › [Business](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business.md) › [AQA](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa.md) › Porter's Five Forces # Porter's Five Forces Business: AQA A Level (2023 Specification), topic 8.2.1 ## Porter's Five Forces Porter’s five forces is a model that allows you to analyse the competitiveness of a business environment. The 5 forces model presents five different forces impacting the competitiveness of a business environment: ### Porter's Five Forces ![Porter's Five Forces](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2019-03/96fbf967-0722-4518-b447-6acfb78278e0/Screenshot%202019-03-20%20at%2010.17.34.png) ### Bargaining power ![Bargaining power](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2019-01/054fa947-dc06-456b-9057-473c1f991089/staff-shake-hands.jpg) - The bargaining power of suppliers relates to how much power suppliers in the market have. If suppliers have more power, the market may be less attractive, as suppliers can charge higher prices. - The bargaining power of buyers relates to how much power buyers in the market have. If buyers have more power, the market may be less attractive, as buyers can demand a lower price. - Often bargaining power is the relative number of people. If there is 1 supplier, they are likely to have more power than if there are 100 suppliers. ### Barriers to entry ![Barriers to entry](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/07baefc1-7e47-4eea-ad2f-a41c48da3f6b/1.3.2%20Limiting%20Reactants.jpg) - Barriers to entry relate to how easy it is for a new business to enter the market. If barriers to entry are low, the market will be more competitive as new businesses are likely to enter. ### Substitutes ![Substitutes](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/86856917-f136-4dbe-9414-0e2b4066df6b/choice-decision-.jpg) - The threat of substitutes relates to whether customers are likely to buy an alternative product. If this threat is high, the market is less attractive, as customers are more likely to shop elsewhere. - On a hot day, ice cream and lemonade might be substitutes. ### Rivalry ![Rivalry](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/206c08d1-a87f-4692-a20f-a9b0fb0efa72/competition-running-chart-.jpg) - Rivalry amongst existing competitors refers to how much competition currently exists within the market. The greater the competition, the less attractive the market may be to other businesses. - How intensely Coca-Cola and PepsiCo compete would be covered in this force. ### Advantages of Porter's five forces ![Advantages of Porter's five forces](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/courseImages/physics/AQA%20New%20Modules/6.1.3/thumbs%20up.jpg) - Porter’s five forces model allows businesses to understand the competitiveness of a market and make decisions about their own competitiveness. - Porter’s five forces model allows new entrants to consider how profitable a market may be. - It is a good framework to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. ## Test yourself on Porter's Five Forces - What is the consequence of suppliers having high bargaining power? - Which of the following are true about Porter's five forces? [Practise this topic for free](https://app.senecalearning.com/classroom/course/609d2093-4bcc-4d5d-a0d3-3b20148430cd/section/af4f981c-ee04-4a03-91d2-8bfba5f30821/session) - Previous topic: [8.1.1 Product Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-1-1-product-decisions.md) - Next topic: [8.2.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - The 5 Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-2-2-a-a-ao34-the-5-forces.md) ## Business: AQA A Level (2023 Specification) contents ### 1 What is Business? - 1.1 Nature & Purpose of Business - [1.1.1 Why Businesses Exist](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-1-1-why-businesses-exist.md) - [1.1.2 Business Aims & Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-1-2-business-aims-and-objectives.md) - [1.1.3 End of Topic Test - The Nature of Business](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-1-3-end-of-topic-test-the-nature-of-business.md) - 1.2 Different Business Forms - [1.2.1 Key Business Terms](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-1-key-business-terms.md) - [1.2.2 Sole Traders](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-2-sole-traders.md) - [1.2.3 Limited Liability](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-3-limited-liability.md) - [1.2.4 Non-Profit Organisations & Social Enterprises](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-4-non-profit-organisations-and-social-enterprises.md) - [1.2.5 Social Enterprises](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-5-social-enterprises.md) - [1.2.6 Franchising](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-6-franchising.md) - [1.2.7 Shareholders](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-7-shareholders.md) - [1.2.8 End of Topic Test - Different Businesses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-8-end-of-topic-test-different-businesses.md) - [1.2.9 A-A* (AO3/4) - Franchising at Blockbuster](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-9-a-a-ao34-franchising-at-blockbuster.md) - 1.3 Businesses Operate Within an External Environment - [1.3.1 External Environments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-3-1-external-environments.md) - [1.3.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - Interest Rates in the UK](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-3-2-a-a-ao34-interest-rates-in-the-uk.md) ### 2 Managers, Leadership & Decision Making - 2.1 Management, Leadership & Decision Making - [2.1.1 Managers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-1-managers.md) - [2.1.2 Management Theories](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-2-management-theories.md) - [2.1.3 Management vs Leadership](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-3-management-vs-leadership.md) - [2.1.4 Leadership Styles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-4-leadership-styles.md) - [2.1.5 End of Topic Test - Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-5-end-of-topic-test-management.md) - 2.2 Management Decision Making - [2.2.1 Scientific Decision Making](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-1-scientific-decision-making.md) - [2.2.2 Influences on Decision Making](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-2-influences-on-decision-making.md) - [2.2.3 Intuition Decision Making](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-3-intuition-decision-making.md) - [2.2.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Cost Leadership](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-4-a-a-ao34-cost-leadership.md) - [2.2.5 End of Topic Test - Management Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-5-end-of-topic-test-management-decisions.md) - 2.3 Role & Importance of Stakeholders - [2.3.1 Stakeholders](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-3-1-stakeholders.md) ### 3 Marketing Management - 3.1 Setting Marketing Objectives - [3.1.1 Setting Marketing Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-1-1-setting-marketing-objectives.md) - [3.1.2 Market Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-1-2-market-calculations.md) - 3.2 Understanding Markets & Customers - [3.2.1 Market Research](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-2-1-market-research.md) - [3.2.2 Methods of Market Research](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-2-2-methods-of-market-research.md) - [3.2.3 Interpreting PED & YED](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-2-3-interpreting-ped-and-yed.md) - 3.3 Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning - [3.3.1 Segmentation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-3-1-segmentation.md) - [3.3.2 Niche & Mass Markets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-3-2-niche-and-mass-markets.md) - [3.3.3 Market Mapping](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-3-3-market-mapping.md) - 3.4 Using the Marketing Mix - [3.4.1 Marketing Mix](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-1-marketing-mix.md) - [3.4.2 Pricing Decisions & Price Skimming](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-2-pricing-decisions-and-price-skimming.md) - [3.4.3 Pricing Decisions & Price Penetration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-3-pricing-decisions-and-price-penetration.md) - [3.4.4 Promotional Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-4-promotional-decisions.md) - [3.4.5 Promotional Decisions 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-5-promotional-decisions-2.md) - [3.4.6 Promotional Decisions 3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-6-promotional-decisions-3.md) - [3.4.7 Distribution Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-7-distribution-decisions.md) - [3.4.8 Distribution Decisions 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-8-distribution-decisions-2.md) - [3.4.9 Social Media & Influencers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-9-social-media-and-influencers.md) - [3.4.10 Digital Marketing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-10-digital-marketing.md) - [3.4.11 Evaluating Digital Marketing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-11-evaluating-digital-marketing.md) - [3.4.12 A-A* (AO3/4) - The Marketing Mix & Promotion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-12-a-a-ao34-the-marketing-mix-and-promotion.md) - [3.4.13 A-A* (AO3/4) - Pricing & Competition](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-13-a-a-ao34-pricing-and-competition.md) ### 4 Operational Management - 4.1 Setting Operational Objectives - [4.1.1 Setting Operational Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-1-1-setting-operational-objectives.md) - 4.2 Analysing Operational Performance - [4.2.1 Operations Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-2-1-operations-data.md) - [4.2.2 Capacity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-2-2-capacity.md) - [4.2.3 A-A* (AO3/4) - The Problem with Operations Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-2-3-a-a-ao34-the-problem-with-operations-data.md) - 4.3 Increasing Efficiency & Productivity - [4.3.1 Productivity & Efficiency](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-1-productivity-and-efficiency.md) - [4.3.2 Lean Production](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-2-lean-production.md) - [4.3.3 Technology & Efficiency](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-3-technology-and-efficiency.md) - [4.3.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Toyota Production System](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-4-a-a-ao34-toyota-production-system.md) - 4.4 Improving Quality - [4.4.1 Measuring & Identifying Quality](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-1-measuring-and-identifying-quality.md) - [4.4.2 Total Quality Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-2-total-quality-management.md) - [4.4.3 Evaluating Total Quality Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-3-evaluating-total-quality-management.md) - [4.4.4 Quality Assurance & Quality Control](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-4-quality-assurance-and-quality-control.md) - 4.5 Managing Inventory & Supply Chains - [4.5.1 Inventory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-5-1-inventory.md) - [4.5.2 Improving the Supply Chain](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-5-2-improving-the-supply-chain.md) - [4.5.3 Outsourcing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-5-3-outsourcing.md) - 4.6 Business & The External Environment - [4.6.1 Business Considerations from Globalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-6-1-business-considerations-from-globalisation.md) ### 5 Financial Management - 5.1 Setting Financial Objectives - [5.1.1 Setting Financial Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-1-setting-financial-objectives.md) - [5.1.2 Influences on Financial Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-2-influences-on-financial-objectives.md) - [5.1.3 Profit](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-3-profit.md) - [5.1.4 Revenue & Costs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-4-revenue-and-costs.md) - [5.1.5 Cash-Flow & Budgets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-5-cash-flow-and-budgets.md) - 5.2 Analysing Financial Performance - [5.2.1 Break-Even & Profitability Analysis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-2-1-break-even-and-profitability-analysis.md) - [5.2.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - Assessing Financial Performance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-2-2-a-a-ao34-assessing-financial-performance.md) - 5.3 Sources of Finance - [5.3.1 Internal Sources of Finance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-1-internal-sources-of-finance.md) - [5.3.2 External Sources of Finance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-2-external-sources-of-finance.md) - [5.3.3 Crowdfunding](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-3-crowdfunding.md) - [5.3.4 Factors for Financing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-4-factors-for-financing.md) - [5.3.5 A/A* (AO3/4) - Debt](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-5-aa-ao34-debt.md) - 5.4 Improving Cash Flow & Profits - [5.4.1 Improving Cash Flow & Profits](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-4-1-improving-cash-flow-and-profits.md) ### 6 Human Resource Management - 6.1 Setting Human Resource Objectives - [6.1.1 Setting Human Resource Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-1-1-setting-human-resource-objectives.md) - [6.1.2 Human Resource Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-1-2-human-resource-management.md) - 6.2 Analysing Human Resource Performance - [6.2.1 Analysing Human Resource Performance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-2-1-analysing-human-resource-performance.md) - [6.2.2 Analysing Human Resource Performance 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-2-2-analysing-human-resource-performance-2.md) - 6.3 Improving Org Design & Human Resource Flow - [6.3.1 Organisational Design](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-3-1-organisational-design.md) - [6.3.2 Human Resource Flow](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-3-2-human-resource-flow.md) - 6.4 Improving Motivation & Engagement - [6.4.1 Motivating & Engaging Employees](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-1-motivating-and-engaging-employees.md) - [6.4.2 Different Incentives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-2-different-incentives.md) - [6.4.3 Evaluating Incentives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-3-evaluating-incentives.md) - [6.4.4 Taylor's Theory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-4-taylors-theory.md) - [6.4.5 Maslow's Theory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-5-maslows-theory.md) - [6.4.6 Herzberg's Theory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-6-herzbergs-theory.md) - [6.4.7 A-A* (AO3/4) - Amazon & Netflix Org Design](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-7-a-a-ao34-amazon-and-netflix-org-design.md) - [6.4.8 A-A* (AO3/4) - Taylorism & Jack Welch](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-8-a-a-ao34-taylorism-and-jack-welch.md) - 6.5 Improving Employer-Employee Relations - [6.5.1 Improving Employer-Employee Relations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-5-1-improving-employer-employee-relations.md) ### 7 Strategic Position of a Business (A Level Only) - 7.1 Mission, Objectives, Strategy - [7.1.1 Business Mission & Corporate Objective](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-1-business-mission-and-corporate-objective.md) - [7.1.2 Mission, Corporate Objectives & Strategy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-2-mission-corporate-objectives-and-strategy.md) - [7.1.3 SWOT Analysis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-3-swot-analysis.md) - [7.1.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - SWOT Analysis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-4-a-a-ao34-swot-analysis.md) - 7.2 Financial Ratio Analysis - [7.2.1 Financial Ratios](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-2-1-financial-ratios.md) - 7.3 Assessing Overall Performance - [7.3.1 Non-Financial Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-3-1-non-financial-data.md) - [7.3.2 Core Competences](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-3-2-core-competences.md) - [7.3.3 Assessing Business Performance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-3-3-assessing-business-performance.md) - 7.4 Assessing Political & Legal Change - [7.4.1 Political & Legal Change](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-4-1-political-and-legal-change.md) - 7.5 Assessing Economic Change - [7.5.1 Economic Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-5-1-economic-environment.md) - 7.6 Assessing Social & Technological Change - [7.6.1 Social & Technological Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-1-social-and-technological-environment.md) - [7.6.2 Lifestyle & Technological Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-2-lifestyle-and-technological-environment.md) - [7.6.3 Corporate Social Responsibility](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-3-corporate-social-responsibility.md) - 7.7 The Competitive Environment - [7.7.1 Choosing Areas of Competition](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-7-1-choosing-areas-of-competition.md) - [7.7.2 Choosing How to Compete](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-7-2-choosing-how-to-compete.md) - 7.8 Investment Appraisal - [7.8.1 Investment Appraisal](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-8-1-investment-appraisal.md) ### 8 Choosing Strategic Direction (A Level Only) - 8.1 Markets to Compete & Products to Offer - [8.1.1 Product Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-1-1-product-decisions.md) - 8.2 How to Compete - [8.2.1 Porter's Five Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-2-1-porters-five-forces.md) - [8.2.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - The 5 Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-2-2-a-a-ao34-the-5-forces.md) ### 9 Pursuing Strategies (A Level Only) - 9.1 Assessing a Change in Scale - [9.1.1 Growth & Retrenchment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-1-growth-and-retrenchment.md) - [9.1.2 Challenges of Growth](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-2-challenges-of-growth.md) - [9.1.3 Sourcing Resources & Entering Markets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-3-sourcing-resources-and-entering-markets.md) - [9.1.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Diversification](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-4-a-a-ao34-diversification.md) - [9.1.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - Diseconomies of Scale](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-5-a-a-ao34-diseconomies-of-scale.md) - 9.2 Assessing Innovation - [9.2.1 Assessing Innovation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-2-1-assessing-innovation.md) - 9.3 Globalisation & Internationalisation - [9.3.1 Internationalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-1-internationalisation.md) - [9.3.2 Managing Internationalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-2-managing-internationalisation.md) - [9.3.3 Impact of Internationalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-3-impact-of-internationalisation.md) - [9.3.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Internationalisation in Guatemala](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-4-a-a-ao34-internationalisation-in-guatemala.md) - 9.4 Greater Use of Digital Technology - [9.4.1 Assessing Use of Digital Technology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-4-1-assessing-use-of-digital-technology.md) - [9.4.2 Impact of Digital Technology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-4-2-impact-of-digital-technology.md) ### 10 Managing Strategic Change - 10.1 Managing Change - [10.1.1 Managing Change](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-1-1-managing-change.md) - 10.2 Managing Organisational Culture - [10.2.1 Managing Organisational Culture](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-2-1-managing-organisational-culture.md) - [10.2.2 Organisational Structures](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-2-2-organisational-structures.md) - 10.3 Managing Strategic Implementation - [10.3.1 Managing Strategic Implementation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-3-1-managing-strategic-implementation.md) - 10.4 Problems with Strategy & Why They Fail - [10.4.1 Problems with Strategy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-4-1-problems-with-strategy.md)