Source: https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-3-corporate-social-responsibility

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# Corporate Social Responsibility

Business: AQA A Level (2023 Specification), topic 7.6.3

## Corporate Social Responsibility

Corporate social responsibility, known as CSR, is a term used to describe an approach whereby businesses seek to exceed basic legal requirements by considering their impact on society.

### Satisfying employees

![Satisfying employees](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/a33db8b0-e15b-4903-b2b4-a928117e778e/emotions-happy-sad.jpg)

- Businesses focussing on their social responsibilities may seek to satisfy their employees by offering job security, safe working conditions and fair wages.

### Satisfying customers

![Satisfying customers](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-07/b8c3581d-1451-4170-98bb-505fa8f6ce99/Reliability-Chains-Solid-Strong-.jpg)

- Businesses focussing on their social responsibilities may seek to satisfy customers by offering reliable products, fairly priced, which exceed legal safety requirements.

### Satisfying shareholders

![Satisfying shareholders](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/courseImages/chemistry/2.3.4%20Nanotechnology/money-2180330_640-min.jpg)

- Businesses focussing on their social responsibilities may seek to satisfy shareholders by increasing share price and through payment of stable and regular dividends.

### Satisfying suppliers

![Satisfying suppliers](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2019-01/054fa947-dc06-456b-9057-473c1f991089/staff-shake-hands.jpg)

- Businesses focussing on their social responsibilities may seek to satisfy suppliers through paying fair prices, making regular on-time payments and offering exclusivity.

### Satisfying the community

![Satisfying the community](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/courseImages/biology/7.1.1%20-%20Communities/Friendship_group.jpg)

- Businesses focussing on their social responsibilities may seek to satisfy the community by offering employment and funding restoration projects and community facilities. 
 - For example, XEROX offers several initiatives to support local communities including the Green World Alliance, the Electronic Industry Citizen Coalition and the XEROX Community Involvement Program. These commitments to social responsibility indicate the value XEROX places on social responsibility above and beyond its pursuit of profit and its obligation to meet basic legal requirements.

### Advantages and disadvantages of corporate social responsibility

![Advantages and disadvantages of corporate social responsibility](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-05/26b87299-4bed-4b84-8693-0a0cc3c01a97/thumbs-up-1172213_960_720.png)

- CSR can increase a business’ costs through paying for initiatives, offering employees fair wages and agreeing to pay suppliers fair prices. 
- CSR, though initially increases costs, can attract customers to the business and increase market share and sales revenue in the long-term.

## Carroll's Corporate Social Responsibility Pyramid

To support businesses wishing to fulfil their social responsibilities, Carroll’s Corporate Social Responsibility pyramid can be used by managers and leaders.

### Carroll's Corporate Social Responsibility Pyramid

![Carroll's Corporate Social Responsibility Pyramid](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2019-01/bd6951eb-e86a-422a-b7d8-549e60883036/7.6.2.2%20CSR%20Pyramid.jpg)

### First and second responsibilities

![First and second responsibilities](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-07/66531717-bced-41b0-8e6e-64775d69ad82/Responsibility-Responsible-.jpg)

- The first responsibility a business should fulfil is its economic responsibility; being profitable is the foundation of the hierarchy and allows the business to move through additional responsibilities. 
- The second responsibility a business should fulfil is its legal responsibilities, for example, paying employees the national minimum wage.

### Third and fourth responsibilities

![Third and fourth responsibilities](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2019-01/f8d0328a-32d5-47b1-8835-0d5daa63d2fd/values.jpg)

- The third responsibility a business should fulfil is its ethical responsibilities; ethical responsibilities see a business making moral decisions such as, for example, agreeing to pay employees more than the legal requirement in order to support their standard of living.  
- The final responsibility a business should fulfil is its philanthropic responsibilities; here the business supports society and the community through, for example, supporting charitable events and sponsoring public facilities.

### The shareholder concept

![The shareholder concept](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/courseImages/biology/4.1.1%20Photosynthesis/money.jpg)

- The shareholder concept states that businesses have a responsibility only to raise value for shareholders through increasing share prices and paying dividends and that profit maximisation is the only focus of the business.

### The stakeholder concept

![The stakeholder concept](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/ceef0317-0275-4ff2-9074-a6e03a3199b2/unequal-balance-.jpg)

- The stakeholder concept states that as well as satisfying shareholders’ needs, the business must place equal emphasis on satisfying the needs of all other stakeholders, including employees, customers and suppliers.

## Test yourself on Corporate Social Responsibility

- What is the foundation of Carroll's corporate social responsibility?
- Which of the following are businesses forced to do under the law?
- Which of the following decisions is an example of a business fulfilling additional ethical responsibilities?
- If a business supports charitable events in the community, which social responsibility is it fulfilling?

[Practise this topic for free](https://app.senecalearning.com/classroom/course/609d2093-4bcc-4d5d-a0d3-3b20148430cd/section/b6d5d333-acc2-4ba2-8420-c6ed2d81ef72/session)

- Previous topic: [7.6.2 Lifestyle & Technological Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-2-lifestyle-and-technological-environment.md)
- Next topic: [7.7.1 Choosing Areas of Competition](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-7-1-choosing-areas-of-competition.md)

## Business: AQA A Level (2023 Specification) contents

### 1 What is Business?
- 1.1 Nature & Purpose of Business
  - [1.1.1 Why Businesses Exist](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-1-1-why-businesses-exist.md)
  - [1.1.2 Business Aims & Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-1-2-business-aims-and-objectives.md)
  - [1.1.3 End of Topic Test - The Nature of Business](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-1-3-end-of-topic-test-the-nature-of-business.md)
- 1.2 Different Business Forms
  - [1.2.1 Key Business Terms](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-1-key-business-terms.md)
  - [1.2.2 Sole Traders](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-2-sole-traders.md)
  - [1.2.3 Limited Liability](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-3-limited-liability.md)
  - [1.2.4 Non-Profit Organisations & Social Enterprises](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-4-non-profit-organisations-and-social-enterprises.md)
  - [1.2.5 Social Enterprises](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-5-social-enterprises.md)
  - [1.2.6 Franchising](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-6-franchising.md)
  - [1.2.7 Shareholders](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-7-shareholders.md)
  - [1.2.8 End of Topic Test - Different Businesses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-8-end-of-topic-test-different-businesses.md)
  - [1.2.9 A-A* (AO3/4) - Franchising at Blockbuster](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-9-a-a-ao34-franchising-at-blockbuster.md)
- 1.3 Businesses Operate Within an External Environment
  - [1.3.1 External Environments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-3-1-external-environments.md)
  - [1.3.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - Interest Rates in the UK](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-3-2-a-a-ao34-interest-rates-in-the-uk.md)

### 2 Managers, Leadership & Decision Making
- 2.1 Management, Leadership & Decision Making
  - [2.1.1 Managers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-1-managers.md)
  - [2.1.2 Management Theories](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-2-management-theories.md)
  - [2.1.3 Management vs Leadership](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-3-management-vs-leadership.md)
  - [2.1.4 Leadership Styles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-4-leadership-styles.md)
  - [2.1.5 End of Topic Test - Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-5-end-of-topic-test-management.md)
- 2.2 Management Decision Making
  - [2.2.1 Scientific Decision Making](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-1-scientific-decision-making.md)
  - [2.2.2 Influences on Decision Making](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-2-influences-on-decision-making.md)
  - [2.2.3 Intuition Decision Making](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-3-intuition-decision-making.md)
  - [2.2.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Cost Leadership](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-4-a-a-ao34-cost-leadership.md)
  - [2.2.5 End of Topic Test - Management Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-5-end-of-topic-test-management-decisions.md)
- 2.3 Role & Importance of Stakeholders
  - [2.3.1 Stakeholders](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-3-1-stakeholders.md)

### 3 Marketing Management
- 3.1 Setting Marketing Objectives
  - [3.1.1 Setting Marketing Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-1-1-setting-marketing-objectives.md)
  - [3.1.2 Market Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-1-2-market-calculations.md)
- 3.2 Understanding Markets & Customers
  - [3.2.1 Market Research](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-2-1-market-research.md)
  - [3.2.2 Methods of Market Research](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-2-2-methods-of-market-research.md)
  - [3.2.3 Interpreting PED & YED](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-2-3-interpreting-ped-and-yed.md)
- 3.3 Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning
  - [3.3.1 Segmentation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-3-1-segmentation.md)
  - [3.3.2 Niche & Mass Markets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-3-2-niche-and-mass-markets.md)
  - [3.3.3 Market Mapping](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-3-3-market-mapping.md)
- 3.4 Using the Marketing Mix
  - [3.4.1 Marketing Mix](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-1-marketing-mix.md)
  - [3.4.2 Pricing Decisions & Price Skimming](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-2-pricing-decisions-and-price-skimming.md)
  - [3.4.3 Pricing Decisions & Price Penetration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-3-pricing-decisions-and-price-penetration.md)
  - [3.4.4 Promotional Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-4-promotional-decisions.md)
  - [3.4.5 Promotional Decisions 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-5-promotional-decisions-2.md)
  - [3.4.6 Promotional Decisions 3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-6-promotional-decisions-3.md)
  - [3.4.7 Distribution Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-7-distribution-decisions.md)
  - [3.4.8 Distribution Decisions 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-8-distribution-decisions-2.md)
  - [3.4.9 Social Media & Influencers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-9-social-media-and-influencers.md)
  - [3.4.10 Digital Marketing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-10-digital-marketing.md)
  - [3.4.11 Evaluating Digital Marketing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-11-evaluating-digital-marketing.md)
  - [3.4.12 A-A* (AO3/4) - The Marketing Mix & Promotion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-12-a-a-ao34-the-marketing-mix-and-promotion.md)
  - [3.4.13 A-A* (AO3/4) - Pricing & Competition](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-13-a-a-ao34-pricing-and-competition.md)

### 4 Operational Management
- 4.1 Setting Operational Objectives
  - [4.1.1 Setting Operational Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-1-1-setting-operational-objectives.md)
- 4.2 Analysing Operational Performance
  - [4.2.1 Operations Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-2-1-operations-data.md)
  - [4.2.2 Capacity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-2-2-capacity.md)
  - [4.2.3 A-A* (AO3/4) - The Problem with Operations Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-2-3-a-a-ao34-the-problem-with-operations-data.md)
- 4.3 Increasing Efficiency & Productivity
  - [4.3.1 Productivity & Efficiency](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-1-productivity-and-efficiency.md)
  - [4.3.2 Lean Production](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-2-lean-production.md)
  - [4.3.3 Technology & Efficiency](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-3-technology-and-efficiency.md)
  - [4.3.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Toyota Production System](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-4-a-a-ao34-toyota-production-system.md)
- 4.4 Improving Quality
  - [4.4.1 Measuring & Identifying Quality](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-1-measuring-and-identifying-quality.md)
  - [4.4.2 Total Quality Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-2-total-quality-management.md)
  - [4.4.3 Evaluating Total Quality Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-3-evaluating-total-quality-management.md)
  - [4.4.4 Quality Assurance & Quality Control](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-4-quality-assurance-and-quality-control.md)
- 4.5 Managing Inventory & Supply Chains
  - [4.5.1 Inventory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-5-1-inventory.md)
  - [4.5.2 Improving the Supply Chain](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-5-2-improving-the-supply-chain.md)
  - [4.5.3 Outsourcing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-5-3-outsourcing.md)
- 4.6 Business & The External Environment
  - [4.6.1 Business Considerations from Globalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-6-1-business-considerations-from-globalisation.md)

### 5 Financial Management
- 5.1 Setting Financial Objectives
  - [5.1.1 Setting Financial Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-1-setting-financial-objectives.md)
  - [5.1.2 Influences on Financial Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-2-influences-on-financial-objectives.md)
  - [5.1.3 Profit](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-3-profit.md)
  - [5.1.4 Revenue & Costs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-4-revenue-and-costs.md)
  - [5.1.5 Cash-Flow & Budgets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-5-cash-flow-and-budgets.md)
- 5.2 Analysing Financial Performance
  - [5.2.1 Break-Even & Profitability Analysis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-2-1-break-even-and-profitability-analysis.md)
  - [5.2.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - Assessing Financial Performance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-2-2-a-a-ao34-assessing-financial-performance.md)
- 5.3 Sources of Finance
  - [5.3.1 Internal Sources of Finance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-1-internal-sources-of-finance.md)
  - [5.3.2 External Sources of Finance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-2-external-sources-of-finance.md)
  - [5.3.3 Crowdfunding](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-3-crowdfunding.md)
  - [5.3.4 Factors for Financing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-4-factors-for-financing.md)
  - [5.3.5 A/A* (AO3/4) - Debt](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-5-aa-ao34-debt.md)
- 5.4 Improving Cash Flow & Profits
  - [5.4.1 Improving Cash Flow & Profits](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-4-1-improving-cash-flow-and-profits.md)

### 6 Human Resource Management
- 6.1 Setting Human Resource Objectives
  - [6.1.1 Setting Human Resource Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-1-1-setting-human-resource-objectives.md)
  - [6.1.2 Human Resource Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-1-2-human-resource-management.md)
- 6.2 Analysing Human Resource Performance
  - [6.2.1 Analysing Human Resource Performance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-2-1-analysing-human-resource-performance.md)
  - [6.2.2 Analysing Human Resource Performance 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-2-2-analysing-human-resource-performance-2.md)
- 6.3 Improving Org Design & Human Resource Flow
  - [6.3.1 Organisational Design](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-3-1-organisational-design.md)
  - [6.3.2 Human Resource Flow](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-3-2-human-resource-flow.md)
- 6.4 Improving Motivation & Engagement
  - [6.4.1 Motivating & Engaging Employees](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-1-motivating-and-engaging-employees.md)
  - [6.4.2 Different Incentives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-2-different-incentives.md)
  - [6.4.3 Evaluating Incentives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-3-evaluating-incentives.md)
  - [6.4.4 Taylor's Theory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-4-taylors-theory.md)
  - [6.4.5 Maslow's Theory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-5-maslows-theory.md)
  - [6.4.6 Herzberg's Theory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-6-herzbergs-theory.md)
  - [6.4.7 A-A* (AO3/4) - Amazon & Netflix Org Design](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-7-a-a-ao34-amazon-and-netflix-org-design.md)
  - [6.4.8 A-A* (AO3/4) - Taylorism & Jack Welch](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-8-a-a-ao34-taylorism-and-jack-welch.md)
- 6.5 Improving Employer-Employee Relations
  - [6.5.1 Improving Employer-Employee Relations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-5-1-improving-employer-employee-relations.md)

### 7 Strategic Position of a Business (A Level Only)
- 7.1 Mission, Objectives, Strategy
  - [7.1.1 Business Mission & Corporate Objective](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-1-business-mission-and-corporate-objective.md)
  - [7.1.2 Mission, Corporate Objectives & Strategy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-2-mission-corporate-objectives-and-strategy.md)
  - [7.1.3 SWOT Analysis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-3-swot-analysis.md)
  - [7.1.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - SWOT Analysis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-4-a-a-ao34-swot-analysis.md)
- 7.2 Financial Ratio Analysis
  - [7.2.1 Financial Ratios](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-2-1-financial-ratios.md)
- 7.3 Assessing Overall Performance
  - [7.3.1 Non-Financial Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-3-1-non-financial-data.md)
  - [7.3.2 Core Competences](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-3-2-core-competences.md)
  - [7.3.3 Assessing Business Performance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-3-3-assessing-business-performance.md)
- 7.4 Assessing Political & Legal Change
  - [7.4.1 Political & Legal Change](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-4-1-political-and-legal-change.md)
- 7.5 Assessing Economic Change
  - [7.5.1 Economic Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-5-1-economic-environment.md)
- 7.6 Assessing Social & Technological Change
  - [7.6.1 Social & Technological Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-1-social-and-technological-environment.md)
  - [7.6.2 Lifestyle & Technological Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-2-lifestyle-and-technological-environment.md)
  - [7.6.3 Corporate Social Responsibility](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-3-corporate-social-responsibility.md)
- 7.7 The Competitive Environment
  - [7.7.1 Choosing Areas of Competition](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-7-1-choosing-areas-of-competition.md)
  - [7.7.2 Choosing How to Compete](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-7-2-choosing-how-to-compete.md)
- 7.8 Investment Appraisal
  - [7.8.1 Investment Appraisal](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-8-1-investment-appraisal.md)

### 8 Choosing Strategic Direction (A Level Only)
- 8.1 Markets to Compete & Products to Offer
  - [8.1.1 Product Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-1-1-product-decisions.md)
- 8.2 How to Compete
  - [8.2.1 Porter's Five Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-2-1-porters-five-forces.md)
  - [8.2.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - The 5 Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-2-2-a-a-ao34-the-5-forces.md)

### 9 Pursuing Strategies (A Level Only)
- 9.1 Assessing a Change in Scale
  - [9.1.1 Growth & Retrenchment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-1-growth-and-retrenchment.md)
  - [9.1.2 Challenges of Growth](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-2-challenges-of-growth.md)
  - [9.1.3 Sourcing Resources & Entering Markets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-3-sourcing-resources-and-entering-markets.md)
  - [9.1.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Diversification](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-4-a-a-ao34-diversification.md)
  - [9.1.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - Diseconomies of Scale](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-5-a-a-ao34-diseconomies-of-scale.md)
- 9.2 Assessing Innovation
  - [9.2.1 Assessing Innovation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-2-1-assessing-innovation.md)
- 9.3 Globalisation & Internationalisation
  - [9.3.1 Internationalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-1-internationalisation.md)
  - [9.3.2 Managing Internationalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-2-managing-internationalisation.md)
  - [9.3.3 Impact of Internationalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-3-impact-of-internationalisation.md)
  - [9.3.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Internationalisation in Guatemala](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-4-a-a-ao34-internationalisation-in-guatemala.md)
- 9.4 Greater Use of Digital Technology
  - [9.4.1 Assessing Use of Digital Technology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-4-1-assessing-use-of-digital-technology.md)
  - [9.4.2 Impact of Digital Technology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-4-2-impact-of-digital-technology.md)

### 10 Managing Strategic Change
- 10.1 Managing Change
  - [10.1.1 Managing Change](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-1-1-managing-change.md)
- 10.2 Managing Organisational Culture
  - [10.2.1 Managing Organisational Culture](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-2-1-managing-organisational-culture.md)
  - [10.2.2 Organisational Structures](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-2-2-organisational-structures.md)
- 10.3 Managing Strategic Implementation
  - [10.3.1 Managing Strategic Implementation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-3-1-managing-strategic-implementation.md)
- 10.4 Problems with Strategy & Why They Fail
  - [10.4.1 Problems with Strategy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-4-1-problems-with-strategy.md)