Source: https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-1-marketing-mix

[Revision notes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes.md) › [A Level](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level.md) › [Business](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business.md) › [AQA](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa.md) › Marketing Mix

# Marketing Mix

Business: AQA A Level (2023 Specification), topic 3.4.1

## The Marketing Mix

The marketing mix is the combination of factors (the '7Ps') which affect a customer’s purchasing decision. Customers may buy a product if they find each of the marketing mix factors satisfactory.

### People

![People](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/courseImages/chemistry/9.1.3%20Common%20atmospheric%20pollutants%20and%20their%20sources/people-min.jpg)

- People is one of the 7 Ps and includes customer-facing staff, such as customer service assistants, and the employees involved in a transaction when a customer purchases a product or service. 
 - For example, Marks & Spencer prides itself on the quality of its customer service which suggests that the ‘People’ factor of the marketing mix is valued by the customers of this business.

### Process

![Process](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2019-01/6b103cae-3601-4915-8d44-ee82f963e747/online.jpg)

- Process is one of the 7 Ps and includes the systems in place to support the transaction which the customer must deal with to complete the transaction successfully. 
- For example, some doctor’s surgeries have now introduced on-line booking systems which suggests that the ‘Process’ factor of the marketing mix is valued by the customers wishing to visit the surgery.

### Physical environment/evidence

![Physical environment/evidence](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/courseImages/biology/7.5.1%20-%20Food%20Production/vats-min.jpg)

- The physical environment or physical evidence is one of the 7 Ps and includes physical premises, the design, and layout of premises and the condition and placement of products within a store.

### 4 Ps

![4 Ps](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/37e11b6c-5cde-49cb-b427-8cf1fc9ac11b/marketing-.jpg)

- These three Ps are in addition to the existing 4Ps in the marketing mix:
 - Product.
 - Place.
 - Price.
 - Promotion.

### Changing the marketing mix

![Changing the marketing mix](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/8edf554a-4343-4695-8765-1b51a8791845/time-for-a-change-.jpg)

- As market conditions and customer tastes and preferences change, a business may update its marketing mix. 
- For example, Morrisons used to emphasise the importance of its physical stores, which relates to ‘Physical evidence’, but now offers online shopping, which suggests it has re-focussed some of its effort on the importance of ‘Process’.

## Factors Influencing the Marketing Mix

When a business is deciding its marketing mix, it may consider the type of product being sold and the influence this may have on the overall decision.

### Availability

![Availability](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/9e172e32-d751-475c-9afa-30efb666031d/ok-tick-yes-check-.png)

- Convenience items, such as basic groceries, need to be accessed quickly by customers so businesses may focus on marketing mix factors related to speed and availability.

### Product information

![Product information](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-08/d8e1e24b-379e-4c7c-bf84-4c4dba4af53c/Food-label-information-.jpg)

- Shopping items, such as computer tablets and clothes, may be considered for purchase by customers for a longer period so a business may focus on the customer service ‘people’ factor so that customers can access product information easily.

### Luxury products

![Luxury products](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-03/46c8065f-a43f-4dcf-8dde-401c4c12d66d/shutterstock_371803501.jpg)

- Specialty products, such as cars and jewellery are luxury purchases for customers. Consumers who buy luxury goods may expect sophisticated stores and customer service processes to support the transaction. Businesses operating in luxury or specialty goods is likely to focus on processes & physical evidence, whilst making sure the other Ps are consistent with their brand.

## Test yourself on Marketing Mix

- Which of the **7Ps** does customer facing staff meet?
- Pia Jewellery originally had several brick and mortar shops. Now, they have moved their business to be solely online. Which P in the marketing mix have they abandoned?
- If a business is selling smartphones, which of the following factors will be most important for marketing decisions?
- If a business sells groceries, which of the following factors will be most important for marketing decisions?
- Which type of product requires lots of product information?

[Practise this topic for free](https://app.senecalearning.com/classroom/course/609d2093-4bcc-4d5d-a0d3-3b20148430cd/section/34981dc1-dd92-4887-ae43-b6778dd8072c/session)

- Previous topic: [3.3.3 Market Mapping](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-3-3-market-mapping.md)
- Next topic: [3.4.2 Pricing Decisions & Price Skimming](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-2-pricing-decisions-and-price-skimming.md)

## Business: AQA A Level (2023 Specification) contents

### 1 What is Business?
- 1.1 Nature & Purpose of Business
  - [1.1.1 Why Businesses Exist](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-1-1-why-businesses-exist.md)
  - [1.1.2 Business Aims & Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-1-2-business-aims-and-objectives.md)
  - [1.1.3 End of Topic Test - The Nature of Business](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-1-3-end-of-topic-test-the-nature-of-business.md)
- 1.2 Different Business Forms
  - [1.2.1 Key Business Terms](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-1-key-business-terms.md)
  - [1.2.2 Sole Traders](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-2-sole-traders.md)
  - [1.2.3 Limited Liability](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-3-limited-liability.md)
  - [1.2.4 Non-Profit Organisations & Social Enterprises](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-4-non-profit-organisations-and-social-enterprises.md)
  - [1.2.5 Social Enterprises](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-5-social-enterprises.md)
  - [1.2.6 Franchising](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-6-franchising.md)
  - [1.2.7 Shareholders](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-7-shareholders.md)
  - [1.2.8 End of Topic Test - Different Businesses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-8-end-of-topic-test-different-businesses.md)
  - [1.2.9 A-A* (AO3/4) - Franchising at Blockbuster](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-9-a-a-ao34-franchising-at-blockbuster.md)
- 1.3 Businesses Operate Within an External Environment
  - [1.3.1 External Environments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-3-1-external-environments.md)
  - [1.3.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - Interest Rates in the UK](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-3-2-a-a-ao34-interest-rates-in-the-uk.md)

### 2 Managers, Leadership & Decision Making
- 2.1 Management, Leadership & Decision Making
  - [2.1.1 Managers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-1-managers.md)
  - [2.1.2 Management Theories](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-2-management-theories.md)
  - [2.1.3 Management vs Leadership](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-3-management-vs-leadership.md)
  - [2.1.4 Leadership Styles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-4-leadership-styles.md)
  - [2.1.5 End of Topic Test - Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-5-end-of-topic-test-management.md)
- 2.2 Management Decision Making
  - [2.2.1 Scientific Decision Making](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-1-scientific-decision-making.md)
  - [2.2.2 Influences on Decision Making](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-2-influences-on-decision-making.md)
  - [2.2.3 Intuition Decision Making](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-3-intuition-decision-making.md)
  - [2.2.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Cost Leadership](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-4-a-a-ao34-cost-leadership.md)
  - [2.2.5 End of Topic Test - Management Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-5-end-of-topic-test-management-decisions.md)
- 2.3 Role & Importance of Stakeholders
  - [2.3.1 Stakeholders](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-3-1-stakeholders.md)

### 3 Marketing Management
- 3.1 Setting Marketing Objectives
  - [3.1.1 Setting Marketing Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-1-1-setting-marketing-objectives.md)
  - [3.1.2 Market Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-1-2-market-calculations.md)
- 3.2 Understanding Markets & Customers
  - [3.2.1 Market Research](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-2-1-market-research.md)
  - [3.2.2 Methods of Market Research](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-2-2-methods-of-market-research.md)
  - [3.2.3 Interpreting PED & YED](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-2-3-interpreting-ped-and-yed.md)
- 3.3 Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning
  - [3.3.1 Segmentation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-3-1-segmentation.md)
  - [3.3.2 Niche & Mass Markets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-3-2-niche-and-mass-markets.md)
  - [3.3.3 Market Mapping](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-3-3-market-mapping.md)
- 3.4 Using the Marketing Mix
  - [3.4.1 Marketing Mix](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-1-marketing-mix.md)
  - [3.4.2 Pricing Decisions & Price Skimming](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-2-pricing-decisions-and-price-skimming.md)
  - [3.4.3 Pricing Decisions & Price Penetration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-3-pricing-decisions-and-price-penetration.md)
  - [3.4.4 Promotional Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-4-promotional-decisions.md)
  - [3.4.5 Promotional Decisions 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-5-promotional-decisions-2.md)
  - [3.4.6 Promotional Decisions 3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-6-promotional-decisions-3.md)
  - [3.4.7 Distribution Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-7-distribution-decisions.md)
  - [3.4.8 Distribution Decisions 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-8-distribution-decisions-2.md)
  - [3.4.9 Social Media & Influencers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-9-social-media-and-influencers.md)
  - [3.4.10 Digital Marketing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-10-digital-marketing.md)
  - [3.4.11 Evaluating Digital Marketing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-11-evaluating-digital-marketing.md)
  - [3.4.12 A-A* (AO3/4) - The Marketing Mix & Promotion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-12-a-a-ao34-the-marketing-mix-and-promotion.md)
  - [3.4.13 A-A* (AO3/4) - Pricing & Competition](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-13-a-a-ao34-pricing-and-competition.md)

### 4 Operational Management
- 4.1 Setting Operational Objectives
  - [4.1.1 Setting Operational Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-1-1-setting-operational-objectives.md)
- 4.2 Analysing Operational Performance
  - [4.2.1 Operations Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-2-1-operations-data.md)
  - [4.2.2 Capacity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-2-2-capacity.md)
  - [4.2.3 A-A* (AO3/4) - The Problem with Operations Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-2-3-a-a-ao34-the-problem-with-operations-data.md)
- 4.3 Increasing Efficiency & Productivity
  - [4.3.1 Productivity & Efficiency](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-1-productivity-and-efficiency.md)
  - [4.3.2 Lean Production](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-2-lean-production.md)
  - [4.3.3 Technology & Efficiency](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-3-technology-and-efficiency.md)
  - [4.3.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Toyota Production System](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-4-a-a-ao34-toyota-production-system.md)
- 4.4 Improving Quality
  - [4.4.1 Measuring & Identifying Quality](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-1-measuring-and-identifying-quality.md)
  - [4.4.2 Total Quality Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-2-total-quality-management.md)
  - [4.4.3 Evaluating Total Quality Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-3-evaluating-total-quality-management.md)
  - [4.4.4 Quality Assurance & Quality Control](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-4-quality-assurance-and-quality-control.md)
- 4.5 Managing Inventory & Supply Chains
  - [4.5.1 Inventory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-5-1-inventory.md)
  - [4.5.2 Improving the Supply Chain](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-5-2-improving-the-supply-chain.md)
  - [4.5.3 Outsourcing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-5-3-outsourcing.md)
- 4.6 Business & The External Environment
  - [4.6.1 Business Considerations from Globalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-6-1-business-considerations-from-globalisation.md)

### 5 Financial Management
- 5.1 Setting Financial Objectives
  - [5.1.1 Setting Financial Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-1-setting-financial-objectives.md)
  - [5.1.2 Influences on Financial Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-2-influences-on-financial-objectives.md)
  - [5.1.3 Profit](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-3-profit.md)
  - [5.1.4 Revenue & Costs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-4-revenue-and-costs.md)
  - [5.1.5 Cash-Flow & Budgets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-5-cash-flow-and-budgets.md)
- 5.2 Analysing Financial Performance
  - [5.2.1 Break-Even & Profitability Analysis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-2-1-break-even-and-profitability-analysis.md)
  - [5.2.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - Assessing Financial Performance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-2-2-a-a-ao34-assessing-financial-performance.md)
- 5.3 Sources of Finance
  - [5.3.1 Internal Sources of Finance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-1-internal-sources-of-finance.md)
  - [5.3.2 External Sources of Finance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-2-external-sources-of-finance.md)
  - [5.3.3 Crowdfunding](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-3-crowdfunding.md)
  - [5.3.4 Factors for Financing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-4-factors-for-financing.md)
  - [5.3.5 A/A* (AO3/4) - Debt](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-5-aa-ao34-debt.md)
- 5.4 Improving Cash Flow & Profits
  - [5.4.1 Improving Cash Flow & Profits](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-4-1-improving-cash-flow-and-profits.md)

### 6 Human Resource Management
- 6.1 Setting Human Resource Objectives
  - [6.1.1 Setting Human Resource Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-1-1-setting-human-resource-objectives.md)
  - [6.1.2 Human Resource Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-1-2-human-resource-management.md)
- 6.2 Analysing Human Resource Performance
  - [6.2.1 Analysing Human Resource Performance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-2-1-analysing-human-resource-performance.md)
  - [6.2.2 Analysing Human Resource Performance 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-2-2-analysing-human-resource-performance-2.md)
- 6.3 Improving Org Design & Human Resource Flow
  - [6.3.1 Organisational Design](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-3-1-organisational-design.md)
  - [6.3.2 Human Resource Flow](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-3-2-human-resource-flow.md)
- 6.4 Improving Motivation & Engagement
  - [6.4.1 Motivating & Engaging Employees](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-1-motivating-and-engaging-employees.md)
  - [6.4.2 Different Incentives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-2-different-incentives.md)
  - [6.4.3 Evaluating Incentives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-3-evaluating-incentives.md)
  - [6.4.4 Taylor's Theory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-4-taylors-theory.md)
  - [6.4.5 Maslow's Theory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-5-maslows-theory.md)
  - [6.4.6 Herzberg's Theory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-6-herzbergs-theory.md)
  - [6.4.7 A-A* (AO3/4) - Amazon & Netflix Org Design](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-7-a-a-ao34-amazon-and-netflix-org-design.md)
  - [6.4.8 A-A* (AO3/4) - Taylorism & Jack Welch](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-8-a-a-ao34-taylorism-and-jack-welch.md)
- 6.5 Improving Employer-Employee Relations
  - [6.5.1 Improving Employer-Employee Relations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-5-1-improving-employer-employee-relations.md)

### 7 Strategic Position of a Business (A Level Only)
- 7.1 Mission, Objectives, Strategy
  - [7.1.1 Business Mission & Corporate Objective](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-1-business-mission-and-corporate-objective.md)
  - [7.1.2 Mission, Corporate Objectives & Strategy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-2-mission-corporate-objectives-and-strategy.md)
  - [7.1.3 SWOT Analysis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-3-swot-analysis.md)
  - [7.1.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - SWOT Analysis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-4-a-a-ao34-swot-analysis.md)
- 7.2 Financial Ratio Analysis
  - [7.2.1 Financial Ratios](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-2-1-financial-ratios.md)
- 7.3 Assessing Overall Performance
  - [7.3.1 Non-Financial Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-3-1-non-financial-data.md)
  - [7.3.2 Core Competences](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-3-2-core-competences.md)
  - [7.3.3 Assessing Business Performance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-3-3-assessing-business-performance.md)
- 7.4 Assessing Political & Legal Change
  - [7.4.1 Political & Legal Change](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-4-1-political-and-legal-change.md)
- 7.5 Assessing Economic Change
  - [7.5.1 Economic Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-5-1-economic-environment.md)
- 7.6 Assessing Social & Technological Change
  - [7.6.1 Social & Technological Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-1-social-and-technological-environment.md)
  - [7.6.2 Lifestyle & Technological Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-2-lifestyle-and-technological-environment.md)
  - [7.6.3 Corporate Social Responsibility](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-3-corporate-social-responsibility.md)
- 7.7 The Competitive Environment
  - [7.7.1 Choosing Areas of Competition](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-7-1-choosing-areas-of-competition.md)
  - [7.7.2 Choosing How to Compete](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-7-2-choosing-how-to-compete.md)
- 7.8 Investment Appraisal
  - [7.8.1 Investment Appraisal](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-8-1-investment-appraisal.md)

### 8 Choosing Strategic Direction (A Level Only)
- 8.1 Markets to Compete & Products to Offer
  - [8.1.1 Product Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-1-1-product-decisions.md)
- 8.2 How to Compete
  - [8.2.1 Porter's Five Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-2-1-porters-five-forces.md)
  - [8.2.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - The 5 Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-2-2-a-a-ao34-the-5-forces.md)

### 9 Pursuing Strategies (A Level Only)
- 9.1 Assessing a Change in Scale
  - [9.1.1 Growth & Retrenchment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-1-growth-and-retrenchment.md)
  - [9.1.2 Challenges of Growth](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-2-challenges-of-growth.md)
  - [9.1.3 Sourcing Resources & Entering Markets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-3-sourcing-resources-and-entering-markets.md)
  - [9.1.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Diversification](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-4-a-a-ao34-diversification.md)
  - [9.1.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - Diseconomies of Scale](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-5-a-a-ao34-diseconomies-of-scale.md)
- 9.2 Assessing Innovation
  - [9.2.1 Assessing Innovation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-2-1-assessing-innovation.md)
- 9.3 Globalisation & Internationalisation
  - [9.3.1 Internationalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-1-internationalisation.md)
  - [9.3.2 Managing Internationalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-2-managing-internationalisation.md)
  - [9.3.3 Impact of Internationalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-3-impact-of-internationalisation.md)
  - [9.3.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Internationalisation in Guatemala](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-4-a-a-ao34-internationalisation-in-guatemala.md)
- 9.4 Greater Use of Digital Technology
  - [9.4.1 Assessing Use of Digital Technology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-4-1-assessing-use-of-digital-technology.md)
  - [9.4.2 Impact of Digital Technology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-4-2-impact-of-digital-technology.md)

### 10 Managing Strategic Change
- 10.1 Managing Change
  - [10.1.1 Managing Change](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-1-1-managing-change.md)
- 10.2 Managing Organisational Culture
  - [10.2.1 Managing Organisational Culture](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-2-1-managing-organisational-culture.md)
  - [10.2.2 Organisational Structures](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-2-2-organisational-structures.md)
- 10.3 Managing Strategic Implementation
  - [10.3.1 Managing Strategic Implementation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-3-1-managing-strategic-implementation.md)
- 10.4 Problems with Strategy & Why They Fail
  - [10.4.1 Problems with Strategy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-4-1-problems-with-strategy.md)
