Source: https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-3-1-stakeholders [Revision notes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes.md) › [A Level](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level.md) › [Business](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business.md) › [AQA](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa.md) › Stakeholders # Stakeholders Business: AQA A Level (2023 Specification), topic 2.3.1 ## Types of Stakeholders Internal and external stakeholders are individuals or groups of individuals affected by a business and its decisions. ### Internal stakeholders ![Internal stakeholders](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2019-01/263f8d53-22a6-48c0-8b27-c094df94adc5/employee.jpg) - Employees are an internal stakeholder as they are affected by the decisions made by the business in terms of salaries and wages, recruitment policies and job security. ### External stakeholders ![External stakeholders](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/621d34f9-2324-446b-9a09-c35248e2a8a3/market-selling-sale-money-.jpg) - Suppliers are an external stakeholder as they are affected by the decisions made by the business in terms of order quantities and payment terms. - Communities are an external stakeholder as they are affected by the decisions made by the business in terms of local jobs and traffic congestion in residential areas because of deliveries. - Customers are an external stakeholder as they are affected by the decisions made by the business in terms of products and services sold and prices charged. ### Relationships with stakeholders ![Relationships with stakeholders](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-07/f91fa1a1-4567-4fc0-b01d-46c812725596/Email-Internet-Post-Message-.jpg) - Businesses can manage their relationship with stakeholders using communication and consultation: - Communication can be used between a business and its stakeholders to share information, through methods such as email and newsletters, so that stakeholders can remain informed of developments within the business. - Consultation can be used to investigate the views and feeling of stakeholders so that they feel involved in any decisions made by the business, though the power of stakeholders to change decisions made is still limited as the business defines the stakeholder’s influence. ### The power of stakeholders ![The power of stakeholders](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-07/815c4c02-fb6a-4a63-bee6-cb458e01ba69/Uprising-Fist-Power-Rebellion-Rebel-Resistance-.jpg) - Stakeholders can have different levels of power and interest and a business must consider this power and interest when deciding how to manage their relationship. - The business may wish to ensure that certain stakeholder groups remain satisfied and this may require consultation instead of communication. ## Stakeholder Maps A stakeholder map can be used to display the relative power and interest of different stakeholder groups. ### The stakeholder map ![The stakeholder map](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2019-01/99747b82-fb7d-449a-ad32-7c0e5deddb83/2.3.1.2%20Stakeholder%20Map.jpg) ### Stakeholder maps ![Stakeholder maps](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/b1c56c92-153a-4d93-a9b9-ad44e2392450/afghanistan-map-geography-.jpg) - Stakeholders with high power and high interest will need to be managed closely and consultation may be appropriate for these individuals and groups. - Stakeholders with high power and low interest will need to be kept satisfied as they have the power to influence the business if they become dissatisfied. - Stakeholders with low power and low interest will need to be monitored though they lack influence and interest in many business decisions. - Stakeholders with low power and high interest need to be kept informed and consultation may be appropriate. ### Examples of different stakeholders ![Examples of different stakeholders](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2019-01/b02334d7-d669-434b-9f6c-66f641349a9d/morrisons.jpg) - For example, Morrison’s shareholders have high power, as they can vote at AGMs, and they have high interest, as they receive dividend payments, so Morrisons must manage this relationship closely. - For example, Google employees have high interest, though relatively low power, as they cannot influence decisions, so Google may decide to keep them informed of major changes, but they may not consult with staff. ### Relationships with stakeholders ![Relationships with stakeholders](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2019-01/054fa947-dc06-456b-9057-473c1f991089/staff-shake-hands.jpg) - Power and influence can affect a business’ relationship with stakeholders, though there are several additional influences which can affect this relationship: - The expertise and skill level of staff may affect the relationship between an employer and its employees as an employer may wish to consult with staff if they are able to contribute their expertise to a decision being made. - The business’ performance may affect the relationship between stakeholders, as poor financial performance may require the business to build a stronger relationship with customers and suppliers so that more favourable payment terms can be negotiated. ## Test yourself on Stakeholders - Which type of stakeholder will need to be managed closely? - Which employees are more likely to be consulted? [Practise this topic for free](https://app.senecalearning.com/classroom/course/609d2093-4bcc-4d5d-a0d3-3b20148430cd/section/a87b4bad-2eaa-4755-8b32-5b0b54b3b099/session) - Previous topic: [2.2.5 End of Topic Test - Management Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-5-end-of-topic-test-management-decisions.md) - Next topic: [3.1.1 Setting Marketing Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-1-1-setting-marketing-objectives.md) ## Business: AQA A Level (2023 Specification) contents ### 1 What is Business? - 1.1 Nature & Purpose of Business - [1.1.1 Why Businesses Exist](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-1-1-why-businesses-exist.md) - [1.1.2 Business Aims & Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-1-2-business-aims-and-objectives.md) - [1.1.3 End of Topic Test - The Nature of Business](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-1-3-end-of-topic-test-the-nature-of-business.md) - 1.2 Different Business Forms - [1.2.1 Key Business Terms](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-1-key-business-terms.md) - [1.2.2 Sole Traders](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-2-sole-traders.md) - [1.2.3 Limited Liability](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-3-limited-liability.md) - [1.2.4 Non-Profit Organisations & Social Enterprises](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-4-non-profit-organisations-and-social-enterprises.md) - [1.2.5 Social Enterprises](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-5-social-enterprises.md) - [1.2.6 Franchising](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-6-franchising.md) - [1.2.7 Shareholders](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-7-shareholders.md) - [1.2.8 End of Topic Test - Different Businesses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-8-end-of-topic-test-different-businesses.md) - [1.2.9 A-A* (AO3/4) - Franchising at Blockbuster](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-2-9-a-a-ao34-franchising-at-blockbuster.md) - 1.3 Businesses Operate Within an External Environment - [1.3.1 External Environments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-3-1-external-environments.md) - [1.3.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - Interest Rates in the UK](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/1-3-2-a-a-ao34-interest-rates-in-the-uk.md) ### 2 Managers, Leadership & Decision Making - 2.1 Management, Leadership & Decision Making - [2.1.1 Managers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-1-managers.md) - [2.1.2 Management Theories](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-2-management-theories.md) - [2.1.3 Management vs Leadership](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-3-management-vs-leadership.md) - [2.1.4 Leadership Styles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-4-leadership-styles.md) - [2.1.5 End of Topic Test - Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-1-5-end-of-topic-test-management.md) - 2.2 Management Decision Making - [2.2.1 Scientific Decision Making](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-1-scientific-decision-making.md) - [2.2.2 Influences on Decision Making](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-2-influences-on-decision-making.md) - [2.2.3 Intuition Decision Making](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-3-intuition-decision-making.md) - [2.2.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Cost Leadership](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-4-a-a-ao34-cost-leadership.md) - [2.2.5 End of Topic Test - Management Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-2-5-end-of-topic-test-management-decisions.md) - 2.3 Role & Importance of Stakeholders - [2.3.1 Stakeholders](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/2-3-1-stakeholders.md) ### 3 Marketing Management - 3.1 Setting Marketing Objectives - [3.1.1 Setting Marketing Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-1-1-setting-marketing-objectives.md) - [3.1.2 Market Calculations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-1-2-market-calculations.md) - 3.2 Understanding Markets & Customers - [3.2.1 Market Research](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-2-1-market-research.md) - [3.2.2 Methods of Market Research](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-2-2-methods-of-market-research.md) - [3.2.3 Interpreting PED & YED](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-2-3-interpreting-ped-and-yed.md) - 3.3 Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning - [3.3.1 Segmentation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-3-1-segmentation.md) - [3.3.2 Niche & Mass Markets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-3-2-niche-and-mass-markets.md) - [3.3.3 Market Mapping](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-3-3-market-mapping.md) - 3.4 Using the Marketing Mix - [3.4.1 Marketing Mix](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-1-marketing-mix.md) - [3.4.2 Pricing Decisions & Price Skimming](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-2-pricing-decisions-and-price-skimming.md) - [3.4.3 Pricing Decisions & Price Penetration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-3-pricing-decisions-and-price-penetration.md) - [3.4.4 Promotional Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-4-promotional-decisions.md) - [3.4.5 Promotional Decisions 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-5-promotional-decisions-2.md) - [3.4.6 Promotional Decisions 3](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-6-promotional-decisions-3.md) - [3.4.7 Distribution Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-7-distribution-decisions.md) - [3.4.8 Distribution Decisions 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-8-distribution-decisions-2.md) - [3.4.9 Social Media & Influencers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-9-social-media-and-influencers.md) - [3.4.10 Digital Marketing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-10-digital-marketing.md) - [3.4.11 Evaluating Digital Marketing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-11-evaluating-digital-marketing.md) - [3.4.12 A-A* (AO3/4) - The Marketing Mix & Promotion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-12-a-a-ao34-the-marketing-mix-and-promotion.md) - [3.4.13 A-A* (AO3/4) - Pricing & Competition](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/3-4-13-a-a-ao34-pricing-and-competition.md) ### 4 Operational Management - 4.1 Setting Operational Objectives - [4.1.1 Setting Operational Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-1-1-setting-operational-objectives.md) - 4.2 Analysing Operational Performance - [4.2.1 Operations Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-2-1-operations-data.md) - [4.2.2 Capacity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-2-2-capacity.md) - [4.2.3 A-A* (AO3/4) - The Problem with Operations Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-2-3-a-a-ao34-the-problem-with-operations-data.md) - 4.3 Increasing Efficiency & Productivity - [4.3.1 Productivity & Efficiency](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-1-productivity-and-efficiency.md) - [4.3.2 Lean Production](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-2-lean-production.md) - [4.3.3 Technology & Efficiency](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-3-technology-and-efficiency.md) - [4.3.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Toyota Production System](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-3-4-a-a-ao34-toyota-production-system.md) - 4.4 Improving Quality - [4.4.1 Measuring & Identifying Quality](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-1-measuring-and-identifying-quality.md) - [4.4.2 Total Quality Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-2-total-quality-management.md) - [4.4.3 Evaluating Total Quality Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-3-evaluating-total-quality-management.md) - [4.4.4 Quality Assurance & Quality Control](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-4-4-quality-assurance-and-quality-control.md) - 4.5 Managing Inventory & Supply Chains - [4.5.1 Inventory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-5-1-inventory.md) - [4.5.2 Improving the Supply Chain](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-5-2-improving-the-supply-chain.md) - [4.5.3 Outsourcing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-5-3-outsourcing.md) - 4.6 Business & The External Environment - [4.6.1 Business Considerations from Globalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/4-6-1-business-considerations-from-globalisation.md) ### 5 Financial Management - 5.1 Setting Financial Objectives - [5.1.1 Setting Financial Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-1-setting-financial-objectives.md) - [5.1.2 Influences on Financial Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-2-influences-on-financial-objectives.md) - [5.1.3 Profit](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-3-profit.md) - [5.1.4 Revenue & Costs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-4-revenue-and-costs.md) - [5.1.5 Cash-Flow & Budgets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-1-5-cash-flow-and-budgets.md) - 5.2 Analysing Financial Performance - [5.2.1 Break-Even & Profitability Analysis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-2-1-break-even-and-profitability-analysis.md) - [5.2.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - Assessing Financial Performance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-2-2-a-a-ao34-assessing-financial-performance.md) - 5.3 Sources of Finance - [5.3.1 Internal Sources of Finance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-1-internal-sources-of-finance.md) - [5.3.2 External Sources of Finance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-2-external-sources-of-finance.md) - [5.3.3 Crowdfunding](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-3-crowdfunding.md) - [5.3.4 Factors for Financing](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-4-factors-for-financing.md) - [5.3.5 A/A* (AO3/4) - Debt](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-3-5-aa-ao34-debt.md) - 5.4 Improving Cash Flow & Profits - [5.4.1 Improving Cash Flow & Profits](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/5-4-1-improving-cash-flow-and-profits.md) ### 6 Human Resource Management - 6.1 Setting Human Resource Objectives - [6.1.1 Setting Human Resource Objectives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-1-1-setting-human-resource-objectives.md) - [6.1.2 Human Resource Management](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-1-2-human-resource-management.md) - 6.2 Analysing Human Resource Performance - [6.2.1 Analysing Human Resource Performance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-2-1-analysing-human-resource-performance.md) - [6.2.2 Analysing Human Resource Performance 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-2-2-analysing-human-resource-performance-2.md) - 6.3 Improving Org Design & Human Resource Flow - [6.3.1 Organisational Design](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-3-1-organisational-design.md) - [6.3.2 Human Resource Flow](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-3-2-human-resource-flow.md) - 6.4 Improving Motivation & Engagement - [6.4.1 Motivating & Engaging Employees](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-1-motivating-and-engaging-employees.md) - [6.4.2 Different Incentives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-2-different-incentives.md) - [6.4.3 Evaluating Incentives](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-3-evaluating-incentives.md) - [6.4.4 Taylor's Theory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-4-taylors-theory.md) - [6.4.5 Maslow's Theory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-5-maslows-theory.md) - [6.4.6 Herzberg's Theory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-6-herzbergs-theory.md) - [6.4.7 A-A* (AO3/4) - Amazon & Netflix Org Design](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-7-a-a-ao34-amazon-and-netflix-org-design.md) - [6.4.8 A-A* (AO3/4) - Taylorism & Jack Welch](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-4-8-a-a-ao34-taylorism-and-jack-welch.md) - 6.5 Improving Employer-Employee Relations - [6.5.1 Improving Employer-Employee Relations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/6-5-1-improving-employer-employee-relations.md) ### 7 Strategic Position of a Business (A Level Only) - 7.1 Mission, Objectives, Strategy - [7.1.1 Business Mission & Corporate Objective](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-1-business-mission-and-corporate-objective.md) - [7.1.2 Mission, Corporate Objectives & Strategy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-2-mission-corporate-objectives-and-strategy.md) - [7.1.3 SWOT Analysis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-3-swot-analysis.md) - [7.1.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - SWOT Analysis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-1-4-a-a-ao34-swot-analysis.md) - 7.2 Financial Ratio Analysis - [7.2.1 Financial Ratios](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-2-1-financial-ratios.md) - 7.3 Assessing Overall Performance - [7.3.1 Non-Financial Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-3-1-non-financial-data.md) - [7.3.2 Core Competences](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-3-2-core-competences.md) - [7.3.3 Assessing Business Performance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-3-3-assessing-business-performance.md) - 7.4 Assessing Political & Legal Change - [7.4.1 Political & Legal Change](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-4-1-political-and-legal-change.md) - 7.5 Assessing Economic Change - [7.5.1 Economic Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-5-1-economic-environment.md) - 7.6 Assessing Social & Technological Change - [7.6.1 Social & Technological Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-1-social-and-technological-environment.md) - [7.6.2 Lifestyle & Technological Environment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-2-lifestyle-and-technological-environment.md) - [7.6.3 Corporate Social Responsibility](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-6-3-corporate-social-responsibility.md) - 7.7 The Competitive Environment - [7.7.1 Choosing Areas of Competition](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-7-1-choosing-areas-of-competition.md) - [7.7.2 Choosing How to Compete](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-7-2-choosing-how-to-compete.md) - 7.8 Investment Appraisal - [7.8.1 Investment Appraisal](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/7-8-1-investment-appraisal.md) ### 8 Choosing Strategic Direction (A Level Only) - 8.1 Markets to Compete & Products to Offer - [8.1.1 Product Decisions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-1-1-product-decisions.md) - 8.2 How to Compete - [8.2.1 Porter's Five Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-2-1-porters-five-forces.md) - [8.2.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - The 5 Forces](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/8-2-2-a-a-ao34-the-5-forces.md) ### 9 Pursuing Strategies (A Level Only) - 9.1 Assessing a Change in Scale - [9.1.1 Growth & Retrenchment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-1-growth-and-retrenchment.md) - [9.1.2 Challenges of Growth](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-2-challenges-of-growth.md) - [9.1.3 Sourcing Resources & Entering Markets](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-3-sourcing-resources-and-entering-markets.md) - [9.1.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Diversification](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-4-a-a-ao34-diversification.md) - [9.1.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - Diseconomies of Scale](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-1-5-a-a-ao34-diseconomies-of-scale.md) - 9.2 Assessing Innovation - [9.2.1 Assessing Innovation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-2-1-assessing-innovation.md) - 9.3 Globalisation & Internationalisation - [9.3.1 Internationalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-1-internationalisation.md) - [9.3.2 Managing Internationalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-2-managing-internationalisation.md) - [9.3.3 Impact of Internationalisation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-3-impact-of-internationalisation.md) - [9.3.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Internationalisation in Guatemala](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-3-4-a-a-ao34-internationalisation-in-guatemala.md) - 9.4 Greater Use of Digital Technology - [9.4.1 Assessing Use of Digital Technology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-4-1-assessing-use-of-digital-technology.md) - [9.4.2 Impact of Digital Technology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/9-4-2-impact-of-digital-technology.md) ### 10 Managing Strategic Change - 10.1 Managing Change - [10.1.1 Managing Change](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-1-1-managing-change.md) - 10.2 Managing Organisational Culture - [10.2.1 Managing Organisational Culture](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-2-1-managing-organisational-culture.md) - [10.2.2 Organisational Structures](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-2-2-organisational-structures.md) - 10.3 Managing Strategic Implementation - [10.3.1 Managing Strategic Implementation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-3-1-managing-strategic-implementation.md) - 10.4 Problems with Strategy & Why They Fail - [10.4.1 Problems with Strategy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/business/aqa/10-4-1-problems-with-strategy.md)