Source: https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-7-heart-dissection [Revision notes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes.md) › [A Level](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level.md) › [Biology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology.md) › [AQA](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa.md) › Heart Dissection # Heart Dissection Biology: AQA A Level, topic 3.4.7 ## Animal Exchange System It is important to understand how to dissect an animal heart. The larger the heart that is being dissected, the easier it is to identify the individual features. It is common to use a sheep's heart. ### Apparatus ![Apparatus](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-09/7879646a-0362-4f94-bb7b-a4250dd3fb95/scalpel-apparatus-sharp-knife.jpg) - Blades - must be sharp to ensure clean cuts are made and to reduce slippage. - Gloves. - Disinfectant. ### Guidelines ![Guidelines](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-04/4ea6d59b-7f67-4ddd-8286-5f13a7c42abd/shutterstock_222228766.jpg) - Gloves should be worn throughout dissection. - Hands must be washed using disinfectant after dissection. - Cuts should be made very carefully to avoid injury and allow you to see all the features. ### Identifying the blood vessels ![Identifying the blood vessels](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-03/1f5fad7b-6922-403c-9074-14a0348f787c/shutterstock_654667729.jpg) - Identifying the main blood vessels can be difficult because hearts destined for the food industry are likely to be slashed. - Slashing allows meat inspectors to detect diseases or parasites. - The coronary artery and the aorta are usually the easiest to see. ### Opening the heart ![Opening the heart](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-03/052409fb-a32e-4147-90dc-1027742bf756/Copy%20of%209.2.1%20Heart%20structure.jpg) - The heart can be opened by slicing carefully from the aorta around the outside edge. - Opening the heart allows you to view the ventricular walls and other internal structures. - The valves can also be identified. ### Ventricular walls ![Ventricular walls](https://image-v2.cdn.app.senecalearning.com/2018-03/c9affe19-3c38-4275-9b74-28eb5455efc1/9.2.1%20Heart%20structure.jpg) - Comparing the right and left ventricles shows that the left ventricular wall is much thicker than the right ventricle. - This is a key feature of the heart. ## Test yourself on Heart Dissection - What apparatus is used for dissecting an animal heart? - Which blood vessel should be sliced to open the heart? - Which blood vessels are easiest to see? - Which of the following statements about heart dissection are true? [Practise this topic for free](https://app.senecalearning.com/classroom/course/d0ce0c30-6417-11e8-8edc-d9cd1c890408/section/c512f9a8-ccdc-4e73-9a3c-f5dcc8d98c86/session) - Previous topic: [3.4.6 Cardiovascular Disease](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-6-cardiovascular-disease.md) - Next topic: [3.4.8 Xylem](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-8-xylem.md) ## Biology: AQA A Level contents ### 1 Biological Molecules - 1.1 Monomers & Polymers - [1.1.1 Monomers & Polymers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-1-1-monomers-and-polymers.md) - [1.1.2 Condensation & Hydrolysis Reactions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-1-2-condensation-and-hydrolysis-reactions.md) - 1.2 Carbohydrates - [1.2.1 Structure of Carbohydrates](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-2-1-structure-of-carbohydrates.md) - [1.2.2 Types of Polysaccharides](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-2-2-types-of-polysaccharides.md) - [1.2.3 End of Topic Test - Monomers, Polymers and Carbs](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-2-3-end-of-topic-test-monomers-polymers-and-carbs.md) - [1.2.4 Exam-Style Question - Carbohydrates](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-2-4-exam-style-question-carbohydrates.md) - [1.2.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - Carbohydrates](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-2-5-a-a-ao34-carbohydrates.md) - 1.3 Lipids - [1.3.1 Triglycerides & Phospholipids](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-3-1-triglycerides-and-phospholipids.md) - [1.3.2 Types of Fatty Acids](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-3-2-types-of-fatty-acids.md) - [1.3.3 Testing for Lipids](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-3-3-testing-for-lipids.md) - [1.3.4 Exam-Style Question - Fats](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-3-4-exam-style-question-fats.md) - [1.3.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - Lipids](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-3-5-a-a-ao34-lipids.md) - 1.4 Proteins - [1.4.1 The Peptide Chain](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-4-1-the-peptide-chain.md) - [1.4.2 Investigating Proteins](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-4-2-investigating-proteins.md) - [1.4.3 Primary & Secondary Protein Structure](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-4-3-primary-and-secondary-protein-structure.md) - [1.4.4 Tertiary & Quaternary Protein Structure](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-4-4-tertiary-and-quaternary-protein-structure.md) - [1.4.5 Enzymes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-4-5-enzymes.md) - [1.4.6 Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-4-6-factors-affecting-enzyme-activity.md) - [1.4.7 Enzyme-Controlled Reactions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-4-7-enzyme-controlled-reactions.md) - [1.4.8 End of Topic Test - Lipids & Proteins](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-4-8-end-of-topic-test-lipids-and-proteins.md) - [1.4.9 A-A* (AO3/4) - Enzymes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-4-9-a-a-ao34-enzymes.md) - [1.4.10 A-A* (AO3/4) - Proteins](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-4-10-a-a-ao34-proteins.md) - [1.4.11 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Enzyme Inhibitors](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-4-11-diagnostic-misconceptions-enzyme-inhibitors.md) - 1.5 Nucleic Acids - [1.5.1 DNA & RNA](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-5-1-dna-and-rna.md) - [1.5.2 Nucleotides](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-5-2-nucleotides.md) - [1.5.3 Polynucleotides](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-5-3-polynucleotides.md) - [1.5.4 DNA Replication](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-5-4-dna-replication.md) - [1.5.5 Exam-Style Question - Nucleic Acids](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-5-5-exam-style-question-nucleic-acids.md) - [1.5.6 A-A* (AO3/4) - Nucleic Acids](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-5-6-a-a-ao34-nucleic-acids.md) - 1.6 ATP - [1.6.1 Structure of ATP](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-6-1-structure-of-atp.md) - [1.6.2 Hydrolysis of ATP](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-6-2-hydrolysis-of-atp.md) - [1.6.3 Resynthesis of ATP](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-6-3-resynthesis-of-atp.md) - [1.6.4 End of Topic Test - Nucleic Acids & ATP](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-6-4-end-of-topic-test-nucleic-acids-and-atp.md) - 1.7 Water - [1.7.1 Importance of Water](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-7-1-importance-of-water.md) - [1.7.2 Structure of Water](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-7-2-structure-of-water.md) - [1.7.3 Properties of Water](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-7-3-properties-of-water.md) - [1.7.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Water](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-7-4-a-a-ao34-water.md) - 1.8 Inorganic Ions - [1.8.1 Inorganic Ions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-8-1-inorganic-ions.md) - [1.8.2 End of Topic Test - Water & Inorganic Ions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/1-8-2-end-of-topic-test-water-and-inorganic-ions.md) ### 2 Cells - 2.1 Cell Structure - [2.1.1 Introduction to Cells](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-1-1-introduction-to-cells.md) - [2.1.2 Eukaryotic Cells & Organelles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-1-2-eukaryotic-cells-and-organelles.md) - [2.1.3 Eukaryotic Cells & Organelles 2](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-1-3-eukaryotic-cells-and-organelles-2.md) - [2.1.4 Prokaryotes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-1-4-prokaryotes.md) - [2.1.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - Organelles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-1-5-a-a-ao34-organelles.md) - [2.1.6 Methods of Studying Cells](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-1-6-methods-of-studying-cells.md) - [2.1.7 Microscopes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-1-7-microscopes.md) - [2.1.8 End of Topic Test - Cell Structure](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-1-8-end-of-topic-test-cell-structure.md) - [2.1.9 Exam-Style Question - Cells](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-1-9-exam-style-question-cells.md) - [2.1.10 A-A* (AO3/4) - Cells](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-1-10-a-a-ao34-cells.md) - 2.2 Mitosis & Cancer - [2.2.1 Mitosis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-2-1-mitosis.md) - [2.2.2 Stages of Mitosis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-2-2-stages-of-mitosis.md) - [2.2.3 Investigating Mitosis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-2-3-investigating-mitosis.md) - [2.2.4 Cancer](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-2-4-cancer.md) - [2.2.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - The Cell Cycle](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-2-5-a-a-ao34-the-cell-cycle.md) - 2.3 Transport Across Cell Membrane - [2.3.1 Cell Membrane Structure](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-3-1-cell-membrane-structure.md) - [2.3.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - Membrane Structure](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-3-2-a-a-ao34-membrane-structure.md) - [2.3.3 Diffusion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-3-3-diffusion.md) - [2.3.4 Osmosis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-3-4-osmosis.md) - [2.3.5 Active Transport](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-3-5-active-transport.md) - [2.3.6 End of Topic Test - Mitosis, Cancer & Transport](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-3-6-end-of-topic-test-mitosis-cancer-and-transport.md) - [2.3.7 Exam-Style Question - Membranes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-3-7-exam-style-question-membranes.md) - [2.3.8 A-A* (AO3/4) - Membranes & Transport](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-3-8-a-a-ao34-membranes-and-transport.md) - [2.3.9 A-A*- Mitosis, Cancer & Transport](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-3-9-a-a-mitosis-cancer-and-transport.md) - 2.4 Cell Recognition & the Immune System - [2.4.1 Immune System](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-4-1-immune-system.md) - [2.4.2 Phagocytosis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-4-2-phagocytosis.md) - [2.4.3 T Lymphocytes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-4-3-t-lymphocytes.md) - [2.4.4 B Lymphocytes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-4-4-b-lymphocytes.md) - [2.4.5 Antibodies](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-4-5-antibodies.md) - [2.4.6 Primary & Secondary Response](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-4-6-primary-and-secondary-response.md) - [2.4.7 Vaccines](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-4-7-vaccines.md) - [2.4.8 HIV](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-4-8-hiv.md) - [2.4.9 Ethical Issues](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-4-9-ethical-issues.md) - [2.4.10 End of Topic Test - Immune System](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-4-10-end-of-topic-test-immune-system.md) - [2.4.11 Exam-Style Question - Immune System](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-4-11-exam-style-question-immune-system.md) - [2.4.12 A-A* (AO3/4) - Immune System](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-4-12-a-a-ao34-immune-system.md) - [2.4.13 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Humoral vs Cellular](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/2-4-13-diagnostic-misconceptions-humoral-vs-cellular.md) ### 3 Substance Exchange - 3.1 Surface Area to Volume Ratio - [3.1.1 Size & Surface Area](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-1-1-size-and-surface-area.md) - [3.1.2 A-A* (AO3/4) - Cell Size](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-1-2-a-a-ao34-cell-size.md) - 3.2 Gas Exchange - [3.2.1 Single-Celled Organisms](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-2-1-single-celled-organisms.md) - [3.2.2 Multicellular Organisms](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-2-2-multicellular-organisms.md) - [3.2.3 Control of Water Loss](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-2-3-control-of-water-loss.md) - [3.2.4 Human Gas Exchange](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-2-4-human-gas-exchange.md) - [3.2.5 Ventilation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-2-5-ventilation.md) - [3.2.6 Dissection](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-2-6-dissection.md) - [3.2.7 Measuring Gas Exchange](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-2-7-measuring-gas-exchange.md) - [3.2.8 Lung Disease](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-2-8-lung-disease.md) - [3.2.9 Lung Disease Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-2-9-lung-disease-data.md) - [3.2.10 End of Topic Test - Gas Exchange](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-2-10-end-of-topic-test-gas-exchange.md) - [3.2.11 A-A* (AO3/4) - Gas Exchange](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-2-11-a-a-ao34-gas-exchange.md) - 3.3 Digestion & Absorption - [3.3.1 Overview of Digestion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-3-1-overview-of-digestion.md) - [3.3.2 Digestion in Mammals](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-3-2-digestion-in-mammals.md) - [3.3.3 Absorption](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-3-3-absorption.md) - [3.3.4 End of Topic Test - Substance Exchange & Digestion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-3-4-end-of-topic-test-substance-exchange-and-digestion.md) - [3.3.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - Substance Ex & Digestion](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-3-5-a-a-ao34-substance-ex-and-digestion.md) - 3.4 Mass Transport - [3.4.1 Haemoglobin](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-1-haemoglobin.md) - [3.4.2 Oxygen Transport](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-2-oxygen-transport.md) - [3.4.3 The Circulatory System](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-3-the-circulatory-system.md) - [3.4.4 The Heart](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-4-the-heart.md) - [3.4.5 Blood Vessels](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-5-blood-vessels.md) - [3.4.6 Cardiovascular Disease](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-6-cardiovascular-disease.md) - [3.4.7 Heart Dissection](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-7-heart-dissection.md) - [3.4.8 Xylem](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-8-xylem.md) - [3.4.9 Phloem](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-9-phloem.md) - [3.4.10 Investigating Plant Transport](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-10-investigating-plant-transport.md) - [3.4.11 End of Topic Test - Mass Transport](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-11-end-of-topic-test-mass-transport.md) - [3.4.12 A-A* (AO3/4) - Mass Transport](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-12-a-a-ao34-mass-transport.md) - [3.4.13 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Concentration Gradient](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-13-diagnostic-misconceptions-concentration-gradient.md) - [3.4.14 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Cardiac Cycle](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-14-diagnostic-misconceptions-cardiac-cycle.md) - [3.4.15 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Carrying Capacity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-15-diagnostic-misconceptions-carrying-capacity.md) - [3.4.16 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Translocation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/3-4-16-diagnostic-misconceptions-translocation.md) ### 4 Genetic Information & Variation - 4.1 DNA, Genes & Chromosomes - [4.1.1 DNA](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-1-1-dna.md) - [4.1.2 Genes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-1-2-genes.md) - [4.1.3 Non-Coding Genes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-1-3-non-coding-genes.md) - [4.1.4 The Genetic Code](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-1-4-the-genetic-code.md) - [4.1.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - DNA](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-1-5-a-a-ao34-dna.md) - 4.2 DNA & Protein Synthesis - [4.2.1 Protein Synthesis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-2-1-protein-synthesis.md) - [4.2.2 Transcription & Translation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-2-2-transcription-and-translation.md) - [4.2.3 End of Topic Test - DNA, Genes & Protein Synthesis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-2-3-end-of-topic-test-dna-genes-and-protein-synthesis.md) - [4.2.4 Exam-Style Question - Protein Synthesis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-2-4-exam-style-question-protein-synthesis.md) - [4.2.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - Coronavirus Translation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-2-5-a-a-ao34-coronavirus-translation.md) - [4.2.6 A-A* (AO3/4) - Transcription](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-2-6-a-a-ao34-transcription.md) - [4.2.7 A-A* (AO3/4) - Translation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-2-7-a-a-ao34-translation.md) - 4.3 Mutations & Meiosis - [4.3.1 Mutations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-3-1-mutations.md) - [4.3.2 Meiosis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-3-2-meiosis.md) - [4.3.3 A-A* (AO3/4) - Meiosis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-3-3-a-a-ao34-meiosis.md) - [4.3.4 Meiosis vs Mitosis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-3-4-meiosis-vs-mitosis.md) - [4.3.5 End of Topic Test - Mutations, Meiosis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-3-5-end-of-topic-test-mutations-meiosis.md) - [4.3.6 A-A* (AO3/4) - DNA,Genes, CellDiv & ProtSynth](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-3-6-a-a-ao34-dnagenes-celldiv-and-protsynth.md) - [4.3.7 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Meiosis vs Mitosis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-3-7-diagnostic-misconceptions-meiosis-vs-mitosis.md) - 4.4 Genetic Diversity & Adaptation - [4.4.1 Genetic Diversity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-4-1-genetic-diversity.md) - [4.4.2 Natural Selection](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-4-2-natural-selection.md) - [4.4.3 A-A* (AO3/4) - Natural Selection](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-4-3-a-a-ao34-natural-selection.md) - [4.4.4 Adaptations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-4-4-adaptations.md) - [4.4.5 Investigating Natural Selection](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-4-5-investigating-natural-selection.md) - [4.4.6 End of Topic Test - Genetic Diversity & Adaptation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-4-6-end-of-topic-test-genetic-diversity-and-adaptation.md) - [4.4.7 A-A* (AO3/4) - Genetic Diversity & Adaptation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-4-7-a-a-ao34-genetic-diversity-and-adaptation.md) - 4.5 Species & Taxonomy - [4.5.1 Courtship Behaviour](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-5-1-courtship-behaviour.md) - [4.5.2 Phylogeny](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-5-2-phylogeny.md) - [4.5.3 Classification](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-5-3-classification.md) - [4.5.4 DNA Technology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-5-4-dna-technology.md) - [4.5.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - Species & Taxonomy](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-5-5-a-a-ao34-species-and-taxonomy.md) - 4.6 Biodiversity Within a Community - [4.6.1 Biodiversity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-6-1-biodiversity.md) - [4.6.2 Index of diversity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-6-2-index-of-diversity.md) - [4.6.3 Agriculture](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-6-3-agriculture.md) - [4.6.4 End of Topic Test - Species,Taxonomy& Biodiversity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-6-4-end-of-topic-test-speciestaxonomyand-biodiversity.md) - [4.6.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - Species,Taxon&Biodiversity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-6-5-a-a-ao34-speciestaxonandbiodiversity.md) - 4.7 Investigating Diversity - [4.7.1 Genetic Diversity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-7-1-genetic-diversity.md) - [4.7.2 Quantitative Investigation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/4-7-2-quantitative-investigation.md) ### 5 Energy Transfers (A2 only) - 5.1 Photosynthesis - [5.1.1 Overview of Photosynthesis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-1-1-overview-of-photosynthesis.md) - [5.1.2 Photoionisation of Chlorophyll](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-1-2-photoionisation-of-chlorophyll.md) - [5.1.3 Production of ATP & Reduced NADP](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-1-3-production-of-atp-and-reduced-nadp.md) - [5.1.4 Cyclic Photophosphorylation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-1-4-cyclic-photophosphorylation.md) - [5.1.5 Light-Independent Reaction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-1-5-light-independent-reaction.md) - [5.1.6 A-A* (AO3/4) - Photosynthesis Reactions](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-1-6-a-a-ao34-photosynthesis-reactions.md) - [5.1.7 Limiting Factors](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-1-7-limiting-factors.md) - [5.1.8 Photosynthesis Experiments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-1-8-photosynthesis-experiments.md) - [5.1.9 End of Topic Test - Photosynthesis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-1-9-end-of-topic-test-photosynthesis.md) - [5.1.10 A-A* (AO3/4) - Photosynthesis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-1-10-a-a-ao34-photosynthesis.md) - 5.2 Respiration - [5.2.1 Overview of Respiration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-2-1-overview-of-respiration.md) - [5.2.2 Anaerobic Respiration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-2-2-anaerobic-respiration.md) - [5.2.3 A-A* (AO3/4) - Anaerobic Respiration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-2-3-a-a-ao34-anaerobic-respiration.md) - [5.2.4 The Link Reaction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-2-4-the-link-reaction.md) - [5.2.5 The Krebs Cycle](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-2-5-the-krebs-cycle.md) - [5.2.6 Oxidative Phosphorylation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-2-6-oxidative-phosphorylation.md) - [5.2.7 Respiration Experiments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-2-7-respiration-experiments.md) - [5.2.8 End of Topic Test - Respiration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-2-8-end-of-topic-test-respiration.md) - [5.2.9 A-A* (AO3/4) - Respiration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-2-9-a-a-ao34-respiration.md) - [5.2.10 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Aerobic vs Anaerobic](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-2-10-diagnostic-misconceptions-aerobic-vs-anaerobic.md) - 5.3 Energy & Ecosystems - [5.3.1 Biomass](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-3-1-biomass.md) - [5.3.2 Production & Productivity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-3-2-production-and-productivity.md) - [5.3.3 Agricultural Practices](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-3-3-agricultural-practices.md) - 5.4 Nutrient Cycles - [5.4.1 Nitrogen Cycle](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-4-1-nitrogen-cycle.md) - [5.4.2 Phosphorous Cycle](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-4-2-phosphorous-cycle.md) - [5.4.3 Fertilisers & Eutrophication](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-4-3-fertilisers-and-eutrophication.md) - [5.4.4 End of Topic Test - Nutrient Cycles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-4-4-end-of-topic-test-nutrient-cycles.md) - [5.4.5 A-A* (AO3/4) - Energy,Ecosystems&NutrientCycles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/5-4-5-a-a-ao34-energyecosystemsandnutrientcycles.md) ### 6 Responding to Change (A2 only) - 6.1 Nervous Communication - [6.1.1 Survival](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-1-1-survival.md) - [6.1.2 Plant Responses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-1-2-plant-responses.md) - [6.1.3 Animal Responses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-1-3-animal-responses.md) - [6.1.4 Reflexes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-1-4-reflexes.md) - [6.1.5 End of Topic Test - Reflexes, Responses & Survival](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-1-5-end-of-topic-test-reflexes-responses-and-survival.md) - [6.1.6 Receptors](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-1-6-receptors.md) - [6.1.7 The Human Retina](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-1-7-the-human-retina.md) - [6.1.8 Control of Heart Rate](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-1-8-control-of-heart-rate.md) - [6.1.9 End of Topic Test - Receptors, Retina & Heart Rate](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-1-9-end-of-topic-test-receptors-retina-and-heart-rate.md) - 6.2 Nervous Coordination - [6.2.1 Neurones](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-2-1-neurones.md) - [6.2.2 Action Potentials](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-2-2-action-potentials.md) - [6.2.3 Speed of Transmission](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-2-3-speed-of-transmission.md) - [6.2.4 End of Topic Test - Neurones & Action Potentials](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-2-4-end-of-topic-test-neurones-and-action-potentials.md) - [6.2.5 Synapses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-2-5-synapses.md) - [6.2.6 Types of Synapse](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-2-6-types-of-synapse.md) - [6.2.7 Medical Application](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-2-7-medical-application.md) - [6.2.8 End of Topic Test - Synapses](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-2-8-end-of-topic-test-synapses.md) - [6.2.9 A-A* (AO3/4) - Nervous Comm&Coord](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-2-9-a-a-ao34-nervous-commandcoord.md) - 6.3 Muscle Contraction - [6.3.1 Skeletal Muscle](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-3-1-skeletal-muscle.md) - [6.3.2 Sliding Filament Theory](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-3-2-sliding-filament-theory.md) - [6.3.3 Contraction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-3-3-contraction.md) - [6.3.4 Slow & Fast Twitch Fibres](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-3-4-slow-and-fast-twitch-fibres.md) - [6.3.5 End of Topic Test - Muscles](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-3-5-end-of-topic-test-muscles.md) - [6.3.6 A-A* (AO3/4) - Muscle Contraction](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-3-6-a-a-ao34-muscle-contraction.md) - 6.4 Homeostasis - [6.4.1 Overview of Homeostasis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-4-1-overview-of-homeostasis.md) - [6.4.2 Blood Glucose Concentration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-4-2-blood-glucose-concentration.md) - [6.4.3 Controlling Blood Glucose Concentration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-4-3-controlling-blood-glucose-concentration.md) - [6.4.4 End of Topic Test - Blood Glucose](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-4-4-end-of-topic-test-blood-glucose.md) - [6.4.5 Primary & Secondary Messengers](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-4-5-primary-and-secondary-messengers.md) - [6.4.6 Diabetes Mellitus](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-4-6-diabetes-mellitus.md) - [6.4.7 Measuring Glucose Concentration](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-4-7-measuring-glucose-concentration.md) - [6.4.8 Osmoregulation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-4-8-osmoregulation.md) - [6.4.9 Controlling Blood Water Potential](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-4-9-controlling-blood-water-potential.md) - [6.4.10 ADH](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-4-10-adh.md) - [6.4.11 End of Topic Test - Diabetes & Osmoregulation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-4-11-end-of-topic-test-diabetes-and-osmoregulation.md) - [6.4.12 A-A* (AO3/4) - Homeostasis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-4-12-a-a-ao34-homeostasis.md) - [6.4.13 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Effect of ADH](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/6-4-13-diagnostic-misconceptions-effect-of-adh.md) ### 7 Genetics & Ecosystems (A2 only) - 7.1 Genetics - [7.1.1 Key Terms in Genetics](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-1-1-key-terms-in-genetics.md) - [7.1.2 Inheritance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-1-2-inheritance.md) - [7.1.3 Linkage](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-1-3-linkage.md) - [7.1.4 Multiple Alleles & Epistasis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-1-4-multiple-alleles-and-epistasis.md) - [7.1.5 Chi-Squared Test](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-1-5-chi-squared-test.md) - [7.1.6 End of Topic Test - Genetics](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-1-6-end-of-topic-test-genetics.md) - [7.1.7 A-A* (AO3/4) - Genetics](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-1-7-a-a-ao34-genetics.md) - [7.1.8 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Dihybrid Inheritance](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-1-8-diagnostic-misconceptions-dihybrid-inheritance.md) - [7.1.9 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Sex Linkage](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-1-9-diagnostic-misconceptions-sex-linkage.md) - 7.2 Populations - [7.2.1 Populations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-2-1-populations.md) - [7.2.2 Hardy-Weinberg Principle](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-2-2-hardy-weinberg-principle.md) - 7.3 Evolution - [7.3.1 Variation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-3-1-variation.md) - [7.3.2 Natural Selection & Evolution](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-3-2-natural-selection-and-evolution.md) - [7.3.3 End of Topic Test - Populations & Evolution](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-3-3-end-of-topic-test-populations-and-evolution.md) - [7.3.4 Types of Selection](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-3-4-types-of-selection.md) - [7.3.5 Types of Selection Summary](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-3-5-types-of-selection-summary.md) - [7.3.6 Overview of Speciation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-3-6-overview-of-speciation.md) - [7.3.7 Causes of Speciation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-3-7-causes-of-speciation.md) - [7.3.8 Diversity](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-3-8-diversity.md) - [7.3.9 End of Topic Test - Selection & Speciation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-3-9-end-of-topic-test-selection-and-speciation.md) - [7.3.10 A-A* (AO3/4) - Populations & Evolution](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-3-10-a-a-ao34-populations-and-evolution.md) - [7.3.11 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Types of Speciation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-3-11-diagnostic-misconceptions-types-of-speciation.md) - 7.4 Populations in Ecosystems - [7.4.1 Overview of Ecosystems](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-4-1-overview-of-ecosystems.md) - [7.4.2 Niche](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-4-2-niche.md) - [7.4.3 Population Size](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-4-3-population-size.md) - [7.4.4 Investigating Population Size](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-4-4-investigating-population-size.md) - [7.4.5 End of Topic Test - Ecosystems & Population Size](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-4-5-end-of-topic-test-ecosystems-and-population-size.md) - [7.4.6 Succession](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-4-6-succession.md) - [7.4.7 Conservation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-4-7-conservation.md) - [7.4.8 End of Topic Test - Succession & Conservation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-4-8-end-of-topic-test-succession-and-conservation.md) - [7.4.9 A-A* (AO3/4) - Ecosystems](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/7-4-9-a-a-ao34-ecosystems.md) ### 8 The Control of Gene Expression (A2 only) - 8.1 Mutation - [8.1.1 Mutations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-1-1-mutations.md) - [8.1.2 Effects of Mutations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-1-2-effects-of-mutations.md) - [8.1.3 Causes of Mutations](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-1-3-causes-of-mutations.md) - [8.1.4 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Gene Expression](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-1-4-diagnostic-misconceptions-gene-expression.md) - 8.2 Gene Expression - [8.2.1 Stem Cells](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-1-stem-cells.md) - [8.2.2 Stem Cells in Disease](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-2-stem-cells-in-disease.md) - [8.2.3 End of Topic Test - Mutation & Gene Epression](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-3-end-of-topic-test-mutation-and-gene-epression.md) - [8.2.4 A-A* (AO3/4) - Mutation & Stem Cells](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-4-a-a-ao34-mutation-and-stem-cells.md) - [8.2.5 Regulating Transcription](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-5-regulating-transcription.md) - [8.2.6 Epigenetics](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-6-epigenetics.md) - [8.2.7 Epigenetics & Disease](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-7-epigenetics-and-disease.md) - [8.2.8 Regulating Translation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-8-regulating-translation.md) - [8.2.9 Experimental Data](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-9-experimental-data.md) - [8.2.10 End of Topic Test - Transcription & Translation](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-10-end-of-topic-test-transcription-and-translation.md) - [8.2.11 Tumours](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-11-tumours.md) - [8.2.12 Correlations & Causes](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-12-correlations-and-causes.md) - [8.2.13 Prevention & Treatment](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-13-prevention-and-treatment.md) - [8.2.14 End of Topic Test - Cancer](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-14-end-of-topic-test-cancer.md) - [8.2.15 A-A* (AO3/4) - Gene Expression & Cancer](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-2-15-a-a-ao34-gene-expression-and-cancer.md) - 8.3 Genome Projects - [8.3.1 Using Genome Projects](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-3-1-using-genome-projects.md) - 8.4 Gene Technology - [8.4.1 Recombinant DNA](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-4-1-recombinant-dna.md) - [8.4.2 Producing Fragments](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-4-2-producing-fragments.md) - [8.4.3 Amplification](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-4-3-amplification.md) - [8.4.4 End of Topic Test - Genome Project & Amplification](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-4-4-end-of-topic-test-genome-project-and-amplification.md) - [8.4.5 Using Recombinant DNA](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-4-5-using-recombinant-dna.md) - [8.4.6 Medical Diagnosis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-4-6-medical-diagnosis.md) - [8.4.7 Genetic Fingerprinting](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-4-7-genetic-fingerprinting.md) - [8.4.8 End of Topic Test - Gene Technologies](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-4-8-end-of-topic-test-gene-technologies.md) - [8.4.9 A-A* (AO3/4) - Gene Technology](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/8-4-9-a-a-ao34-gene-technology.md) ### 9 Mathematical Skills - 9.1 Mathematical Skills - [9.1.1 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Converting Units](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/9-1-1-diagnostic-misconceptions-converting-units.md) - [9.1.2 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Correct Hypothesis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/9-1-2-diagnostic-misconceptions-correct-hypothesis.md) - [9.1.3 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Interpret Hypothesis](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/9-1-3-diagnostic-misconceptions-interpret-hypothesis.md) - [9.1.4 Diagnostic Misconceptions - Calculate Uncertainty](https://senecalearning.com/en-gb/revision-notes/a-level/biology/aqa/9-1-4-diagnostic-misconceptions-calculate-uncertainty.md)